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Spring Boot + Shiro 集成

Shiro 是一個流行的 Java 安全框架。

其實 Spring 有一個 Spring Security 的安全框架，我試用了一下，太復雜了。同樣的安全需求，用 Shiro 要簡單、快捷得多，也利于理解。

本手冊的源碼托管在 GitHub 上：

YorkeCao/shiro-spring-boot-sample

下面主要介紹在 Spring Boot 項目中引入 Shiro，對應用進行安全管控。

集成

可以利用 Shiro 啟動器來完成與 Spring Boot 的集成。

這里為了簡單，盡量少做配置。實際上 Shiro 有很多自定義選項。詳細介紹請移步官網。

引入 Shiro 啟動器

Shiro 官方提供了 Spring Boot 啟動器：shiro-spring-boot-starter，在 pom.xml 文件中引入：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.shiro/shiro-spring-boot-starter --> <dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.4.0</version> </dependency>

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配置 Shiro

這里我們提供一個最簡單的 Java Class 配置。

里面用到了一個自定義的 Realm：CustomRealm。

package io.yorkecao.sample.config;import io.yorkecao.sample.shiro.CustomRealm; import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor; import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean; import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;/*** @author Yorke*/ @Configuration public class ShiroConfig {@Bean(name = "customRealm")public CustomRealm customRealm() {return new CustomRealm();}@Bean(name = "securityManager")public DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager(CustomRealm customRealm) {DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager ();securityManager.setRealm(customRealm);return securityManager;}@Bean(name = "lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();}@Bean(name = "shiroFilter")public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) {ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);return shiroFilterFactoryBean;} }

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實現自定義 Realm

Realm 是控制認證和授權的核心部分，也是開發人員必須自己實現的部分。

實現自定義 Realm 最快捷的方式是繼承 AuthorizingRealm 類。

package io.yorkecao.sample.shiro;import io.yorkecao.sample.dao.ShiroSampleDao; import org.apache.shiro.authc.*; import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo; import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm; import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import java.util.Set;/*** @author Yorke*/ public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {@Autowiredprivate ShiroSampleDao shiroSampleDao;/*** 認證*/@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;String username = token.getUsername();String password = this.shiroSampleDao.getPasswordByUsername(username);return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(username, password, getName());}/*** 授權*/@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {String username = (String) super.getAvailablePrincipal(principalCollection);SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();Set<String> roles = shiroSampleDao.getRolesByUsername(username);authorizationInfo.setRoles(roles);roles.forEach(role -> {Set<String> permissions = this.shiroSampleDao.getPermissionsByRole(role);authorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);});return authorizationInfo;} }

這里用到了一個 DAO：shiroSampleDao。應該要通過它來從我們的數據庫中獲取用戶、角色等信息。但是為了方便，我只是模擬了一下。

package io.yorkecao.sample.dao;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.*;/*** @author Yorke*/ @Repository public class ShiroSampleDao {public Set<String> getRolesByUsername(String username) {Set<String> roles = new HashSet<>();switch (username) {case "zhangsan":roles.add("admin");break;case "lisi":roles.add("guest");break;}return roles;}public Set<String> getPermissionsByRole(String role) {Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<>();switch (role) {case "admin":permissions.add("read");permissions.add("write");break;case "guest":permissions.add("read");break;}return permissions;}public String getPasswordByUsername(String username) {switch (username) {case "zhangsan":return "zhangsan";case "lisi":return "lisi";}return null;} }

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實現 login、logout 接口

在 Shiro 框架中實現登錄、登出很容易。

這里我也提供了一個 read 和 write 的接口，這兩個接口在 Service 實現。

package io.yorkecao.sample.web;import io.yorkecao.sample.service.ShiroSampleService; import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils; import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken; import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;/*** @author Yorke*/ @RestController public class ShiroSampleController {@Autowiredprivate ShiroSampleService shiroSampleService;@GetMapping("/login")public void login(String username, String password) {UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);token.setRememberMe(true);Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();currentUser.login(token);}@GetMapping("/logout")public void logout() {Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();currentUser.logout();}@GetMapping("/read")public String read() {return this.shiroSampleService.read();}@GetMapping("/write")public String write() {return this.shiroSampleService.write();} }

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通過注解設置訪問資源所需權限

可以通過 @RequiresPermissions 等注解設置訪問資源所需的權限。

package io.yorkecao.sample.service;import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;/*** @author Yorke*/ @Service public class ShiroSampleService {@RequiresPermissions("read")public String read() {return "reading...";}@RequiresPermissions("write")public String write() {return "writting...";} }

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測試

• 在登錄之前，訪問 /read 和 /write 接口都無效
• 用 lisi 登錄（GET http://localhost:8080/login?username=lisi&password=lisi）后，可以訪問 /read，不能訪問 /write
• 用 zhangsan 登錄（GET http://localhost:8080/login?username=zhangsan&password=zhangsan）后，/read 和 /write 都可以訪問
• 登出后，訪問 /read 和 /write 接口都無效

轉載于:https://my.oschina.net/YorkeCao/blog/1058017

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