翻譯狀態(tài)：本文是 AMDGPU 的翻譯。上次翻譯日期：2019-09-02。如果英文版本有所更改，則您可以幫助同步翻譯。

amdgpu 是 AMD Radeon 顯卡的開源圖形驅動。

選擇正確的驅動

請參考Xorg#AMD選擇合適的顯卡驅動，這個頁面包含 AMDGPU 和 AMDGPU PRO的說明。

驅動不支持的顯卡用戶可以使用開源radeon驅動代替。

安裝

安裝這個

為支持32位程序，也可以從multilib倉庫中安裝

為提供 DDX 驅動 (可提供 2D 加速 在Xorg中)，可以安裝這個

開啟 Southern Islands (SI) and Sea Islands (CIK) 支持

kernels (簡體中文), 需要設置CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU_SI=Y 和 CONFIG_DRM_AMDGPU_CIK=Y 參數。

指定正確的模塊加載順序

當內核啟用 AMDGPU 對 SI/CIK 顯卡的支持時，radeon驅動可能會在amdgpu驅動之前加載。

確保amdgpu在Mkinitcpio#MODULES數組中被設置為第一個模塊，例如MODULES=(amdgpu radeon)。

設置所需的模塊參數

amdgpu 和 radeon模塊都需要設置的module parameters是cik_support= and si_support=。

它們必需設置為內核參數或者在一個modprobe配置文件中，并且取決于顯卡的 GCN 版本。

Tip: dmesg可能會指示應該使用的正確內核參數: [..] amdgpu 0000:01:00.0: Use radeon.cik_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1 to override.

在內核命令行中設置模塊參數

Southern Islands (SI): radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.si_support=1

Sea Islands (CIK): radeon.cik_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1

設置內核參數在 modprobe.d 中

在 /etc/modprobe.d/中創(chuàng)建配置 modprobe 文件， 查看

對于 Southern Islands (SI) 使用 si_support=1 選項，對于 Sea Islands (CIK) 使用 cik_support=1 選項，就像下面的例子一樣:

/etc/modprobe.d/amdgpu.conf

options amdgpu si_support=1

options amdgpu cik_support=0

/etc/modprobe.d/radeon.conf

options radeon si_support=0

options radeon cik_support=0

確保 modconf 添加到 HOOKS 數組中在 /etc/mkinitcpio.conf 和 regenerate the initramfs。

AMDGPU PRO

AMD 提供一個叫 AMDGPU PRO 的專有二進制用戶驅動，它工作于開源驅動 AMDGPU 之上。

From Radeon Software 18.50 vs Mesa 19 benchmarks article: When it comes to OpenGL games, the RadeonSI Gallium3D driver simply dominates the proprietary AMD OpenGL driver. About the only advantage to the closed-source AMD OpenGL driver is its support for GL 4.6 while RadeonSI is still limited to GL 4.5 until its SPIR-V ingestion support is completed.

加載

應該會在系統(tǒng)啟動時自動加載。

如果沒有自動加載:

Enable early KMS

Xorg configuration

Xorg will automatically load the driver and it will use your monitor's EDID to set the native resolution. Configuration is only required for tuning the driver.

If you want manual configuration, create /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf, and add the following:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf

Section "Device"

Identifier "AMD"

Driver "amdgpu"

EndSection

Using this section, you can enable features and tweak the driver settings, see

Tear Free Rendering

TearFree controls tearing prevention using the hardware page flipping mechanism. If this option is set, the default value of the property is 'on' or 'off' accordingly. If this option isn't set, the default value of the property is auto, which means that TearFree is on for rotated outputs, outputs with RandR transforms applied and for RandR 1.4 slave outputs, otherwise off:

Option "TearFree" "true"

DRI level

DRI sets the maximum level of DRI to enable. Valid values are 2 for DRI2 or 3 for DRI3. The default is 3 for DRI3 if the Xorg version is >= 1.18.3, otherwise DRI2 is used:

Option "DRI" "3"

Variable refresh rate

Features

Video acceleration

Overclocking

Since Linux 4.17, it is possible to adjust clocks and voltages of the graphics card via /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_od_clk_voltage. It is however required to unlock access to it in sysfs by appending the boot parameter amdgpu.ppfeaturemask=0xffffffff.

Note: In sysfs, paths like /sys/class/drm/... are just symlinks and may change between reboots. Persistent locations can be found in /sys/devices/, e.g. /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.0/. Adjust the commands accordingly for a reliable result.

To set the GPU clock for the maximum pstate 7 on e.g. a Polaris GPU to 1209MHz and 900mV voltage, run:

# echo "s 7 1209 900" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_od_clk_voltage

The same procedure can be applied to the VRAM, e.g. maximum pstate 2 on Polaris 5xx series cards:

# echo "m 2 1850 850" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_od_clk_voltage

Warning: Double check the entered values, as mistakes might instantly cause fatal hardware damage!

To apply, run

# echo "c" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_od_clk_voltage

To check if it worked out, read out clocks and voltage under 3D load:

# watch -n 0.5 cat /sys/kernel/debug/dri/0/amdgpu_pm_info

You can reset to the default values using this:

# echo "r" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_od_clk_voltage

It is also possible to forbid the driver so switch to certain pstates, e.g. to workaround problems with deep powersaving pstates like flickering artifacts or stutter. To force the highest VRAM pstate on a Polaris RX 5xx card, while still allowing the GPU itself to run with lower clocks, run:

# echo "manual" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_dpm_force_performance_level

# echo "2" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_dpm_mclk

Allow only the three highest GPU pstates:

# echo "5 6 7" > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/pp_dpm_sclk

To set the allowed maximum power consumption of the GPU to e.g. 50 Watts, run

# echo 50000000 > /sys/class/drm/card0/device/hwmon/hwmon0/power1_cap

Until Linux kernel 4.20, it will only be possible to decrease the value, not increase.

Note: The above procedure was tested with a Polaris RX 560 card. There may be different behavior or bugs with different GPUs.

Enable GPU display scaling

To avoid the usage of the scaler which is built in the display, and use the GPU own scaler instead, when not using the native resolution of the monitor, execute:

$ xrandr --output "" --set "scaling mode" ""

Possible values for "scaling mode" are: None, Full, Center, Full aspect

To show the available outputs and settings, execute:

$ xrandr --prop

To set scaling mode = Full aspect for just every available output, execute:

$ for output in $(xrandr --prop | grep -E -o -i "^[A-Z\-]+-[0-9]+"); do xrandr --output "$output" --set "scaling mode" "Full aspect"; done

Troubleshooting

Xorg or applications won't start

"(EE) AMDGPU(0): [DRI2] DRI2SwapBuffers: drawable has no back or front?" error after opening glxgears, can open Xorg server but OpenGL apps crash.

"(EE) AMDGPU(0): Given depth (32) is not supported by amdgpu driver" error, Xorg won't start.

Setting the screen's depth under Xorg to 16 or 32 will cause problems/crash. To avoid that, you should use a standard screen depth of 24 by adding this to your "screen" section:

/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/10-screen.conf

Section "Screen"

Identifier "Screen"

DefaultDepth 24

SubSection "Display"

Depth 24

EndSubSection

EndSection

Screen artifacts and frequency problem

Dynamic power management may cause screen artifacts to appear when displaying to monitors at higher frequencies (120+Hz) due to issues in the way GPU clock speeds are managed[1][2].

A workaround [3] is saving high or low in /sys/class/drm/card0/device/power_dpm_force_performance_level.

There is also a GUI solution [4] where you can manage the "power_dpm" with AUR and AUR.

R9 390 series Poor Performance and/or Instability

If you experience issues [5] with a AMD R9 390 series graphics card, set radeon.cik_support=0 radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1 amdgpu.si_support=1 amdgpu.dpm=1 amdgpu.dc=1 as kernel parameters to force the use of amdgpu driver instead of radeon.

If it still does not work, try disabling DPM, by setting the kernel parameters to: radeon.cik_support=0 radeon.si_support=0 amdgpu.cik_support=1 amdgpu.si_support=1

Freezes with "[drm] IP block:gmc_v8_0 is hung!" kernel error

If you experience freezes and kernel crashes during a GPU intensive task with the kernel error " [drm] IP block:gmc_v8_0 is hung!" [6], a workaround is to set amdgpu.vm_update_mode=3 as kernel parameters to force the GPUVM page tables update to be done using the CPU. Downsides are listed here [7].

Cursor corruption

If you experience issues with the mouse cursor sometimes not rendering properly, set Option "SWCursor" "True" in the "Device" section of the /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-amdgpu.conf configuration file.

If you are using xrandr for scaling and the cursor is flickering or disappearing, you may be able to fix it by setting the TearFree property: xrandr --output HDMI-A-0 --set TearFree on.

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