OkHttp是安卓上常用的網絡請求框架，不止可以發送http請求，還可以發送socket請求等。

• 內置了連接池，減少了請求延遲
• 支持緩存，減少重復的網絡請求
• 支持Cookie存儲
• 支持攔截器，可以對不同的請求做攔截處理
• 支持get、post等請求
• 支持文件上傳下載
• 支持json請求
• 支持同步、異步處理

官網地址：https://square.github.io/okhttp/

使用步驟

準備

1、在build.gradle中引入依賴implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.10.0")

2、在AndroidManifest.xml中添加網絡請求權限<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

一、在安卓程序中使用

創建httpClient

OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

1、同步get請求

安卓程序中的網絡請求必須異步處理，所以另外啟動了一個線程

public void doGetSync(View view) {new Thread(() -> {Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();try {Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();Log.d(TAG, "doGetSync: " + response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}).start(); }

2、異步get請求

調用enqueue()方法，傳入回調函數

public void doGetAsync(View view) {Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {}@Overridepublic void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {if (response.isSuccessful()) {Log.d(TAG, "doGetAsync: " + response.body().string());}}}); }

3、同步post請求

post請求必須傳入一個body參數，這里傳入一個formBody

public void doPostSync(View view) {new Thread(() -> {FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", "test").add("b", "123").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post").post(formBody).build();try {Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute();Log.d(TAG, "doPostSync: " + response.body().string());} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}).start(); }

4、異步post請求

調用enqueue()方法，傳入回調函數

public void doPostAsync(View view) {FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("name", "test").add("b", "123").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post").post(formBody).build();okHttpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {}@Overridepublic void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {if (response.isSuccessful()) {Log.d(TAG, "doPostAsync: " + response.body().string());}}}); }

二、攔截器使用

OkHttp中有兩種添加攔截器的方法

• addInterceptor：先執行
• addNetworkInterceptor：后執行

public class InterceptorTest {@Testpublic void test() throws IOException {OkHttpClient httpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().addInterceptor(chain -> {System.out.println("---Interceptor攔截器---");Request request = chain.request().newBuilder().addHeader("os", "android").addHeader("version", "1.0").build();return chain.proceed(request);}).addNetworkInterceptor(chain -> {System.out.println("---NetworkInterceptor攔截器---");String os = chain.request().header("os");System.out.println("os = " + os);return chain.proceed(chain.request());}).build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123").build();Response response = httpClient.newCall(request).execute();System.out.println("response = " + response.body().string());} }

打印輸入內容：

---Interceptor攔截器--- ---NetworkInterceptor攔截器--- os = android response = {"args": {"name": "test", "b": "123"}, "headers": {"Accept-Encoding": "gzip", "Host": "www.httpbin.org", "Os": "android", "User-Agent": "okhttp/4.10.0", "Version": "1.0", "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-636b6373-18b0b24d6539a83e489ab0c4"}, "origin": "124.78.136.197", "url": "https://www.httpbin.org/get?name=test&b=123" }

三、Cookie使用

在某些網站中請求需要攜帶cookie，在OKHttp中提供了較好的支持

通過cookieJar方法提供cookie支持邏輯處理

本示例代碼使用www.wanandroid.com的開放接口，可以自行去注冊一個賬號用于測試

public class CookieTest {@Testpublic void test() throws IOException {Map<String, List<Cookie>> cookies = new HashMap<>();OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder().cookieJar(new CookieJar() {@Overridepublic void saveFromResponse(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl, @NonNull List<Cookie> list) {cookies.put(httpUrl.host(), list);}@NonNull@Overridepublic List<Cookie> loadForRequest(@NonNull HttpUrl httpUrl) {List<Cookie> list = cookies.get(httpUrl.host());return list == null ? new ArrayList<>() : list;}}).build();// 登錄接口FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("username", "xxxxx").add("password", "xxxxx").build();Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.wanandroid.com/user/login").post(formBody).build();Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();System.out.println("response1 = " + response.body().string());// 登錄成功后，加載收藏列表Request request1 = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.wanandroid.com/lg/collect/list/0/json").build();response = client.newCall(request1).execute();System.out.println("response2 = " + response.body().string());} }

總結

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