實驗目的: 驗證RIP負載均衡,而RIP的負載均衡是由跳數決定,如果跳數相同則起到負載均衡. 實驗拓撲圖: 實驗內容: 路由器的基本配置 R上的 Router>en Router#conf t Enter configuration commands, one per line.? End with CNTL/Z. 照樣粘貼上基本的命令 Router(config)#enable password cisco Router(config)#no ip domain-lookup Router(config)#line con 0 Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0 Router(config-line)# logging synchronous Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)#line aux 0 Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0 Router(config-line)# logging synchronous Router(config-line)#line vty 0 4 Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)# exec-timeout 0 0 Router(config-line)# password cisco Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)# login Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)# Router(config-line)#alias exec a sh ip int bri Router(config)#alias exec b sh ip route Router(config)#alias exec c sh ip route rip Router(config)#alias exec d sh run 配置好名稱,接口地址 Router(config)#hostname R1 R1(config)#interface loopback 1 R1(config-if)#ip address <?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" />1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface e0/0 R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#interface s1/0 R1(config-if)#ip address *Mar? 1 00:14:04.503: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up *Mar? 1 00:14:05.503: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up R1(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R2上的 Router(config)#hostname R2 R2(config)#interface s1/0 R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#interface s1/1 R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16. *Mar? 1 00:14:57.579: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 *Mar? 1 00:14:58.583: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/0, changed state to up R2(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#clock rate 64000 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#exit R3上的 Router(config)#hostname R3 R3(config)#interface loopback 0 R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface e0/0 R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#interface s1/1 R3(config-if)#ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown 好了,現在開始配置RIP 先在R1上,宣告接口網絡 R1(config)#router rip R1(config-router)#network 1.0.0.0 R1(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0 R1(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 R2上的,兩樣的格式 R2(config)#router rip R2(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0 R2(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0 R3上的 R3(config)#router rip R3(config-router)#network 3.0.0.0 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0 配置好后,查看一下路由表 R1的路由表 R1#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP ?????? D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area ?????? N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 ?????? E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 ?????? i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ?????? ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route ?????? o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route <?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />

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Gateway of last resort is not set

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???? 1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 1.1.1.0 is directly connected, Loopback1 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0 ???? 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets C?????? 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0 C?????? 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 R?????? 172.16.3.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.2, 00:00:10, Serial1/0 ?????????????????? [120/1] via 172.16.1.2, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0 注意最后的一條RIP路由,可以看到去172.16.3.0的路由已經產生了負載均衡的現象,因為它們的跳數是相同的. R2上的路由表 R2#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP ?????? D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area ?????? N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 ?????? E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 ?????? i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ?????? ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route ?????? o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

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Gateway of last resort is not set

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R??? 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/0 R??? 3.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.3.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/1 ???? 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets R?????? 172.16.1.0 [120/1] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:24, Serial1/0 ?????????????????? [120/1] via 172.16.3.2, 00:00:03, Serial1/1 C?????? 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial1/0 C?????? 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 很清楚也顯示了所有的鏈路. R3的路由表 R3#show ip route Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP ?????? D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area ?????? N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 ?????? E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 ?????? i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ?????? ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route ?????? o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

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Gateway of last resort is not set

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R??? 1.0.0.0/8 [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0 ???? 3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets C?????? 3.3.3.0 is directly connected, Loopback0 ???? 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets C?????? 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0 R?????? 172.16.2.0 [120/1] via 172.16.3.1, 00:00:17, Serial1/1 ?????????????????? [120/1] via 172.16.1.1, 00:00:03, Ethernet0/0 C?????? 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 最后,用擴展的ping命令來測試負載均衡 先從R1的loopback 0 接口上pingR3的S1/1口 R1#ping Protocol [ip]: Target IP address: 172.16.3.2 Repeat count [5]: Datagram size [100]: Timeout in seconds [2]: Extended commands [n]: y Source address or interface: 1.1.1.1 Type of service [0]: Set DF bit in IP header? [no]: Validate reply data? [no]: Data pattern [0xABCD]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]: r Number of hops [ 9 ]: Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[RV]: Sweep range of sizes [n]: Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.3.2, timeout is 2 seconds: Packet sent with a source address of 1.1.1.1 Packet has IP options:? Total option bytes= 39, padded length=40 ?Record route: <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0)

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Reply to request 0 (136 ms).? Received packet has options ?Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 ?Record route: ?? (172.16.2.1) ?? (172.16.3.1) ?? (172.16.3.2) ?? (172.16.1.2) ?? (1.1.1.1) <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?End of list

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Reply to request 1 (112 ms).? Received packet has options ?Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 ?Record route: ?? (172.16.1.1) ?? (172.16.3.2) ?? (172.16.1.2) ?? (1.1.1.1) <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?End of list

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Reply to request 2 (160 ms).? Received packet has options ?Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 ?Record route: ?? (172.16.2.1) ?? (172.16.3.1) ?? (172.16.3.2) ?? (172.16.1.2) ?? (1.1.1.1) <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?End of list

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Reply to request 3 (112 ms).? Received packet has options ?Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 ?Record route: ?? (172.16.1.1) ?? (172.16.3.2) ?? (172.16.1.2) ?? (1.1.1.1) <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?End of list

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Reply to request 4 (160 ms).? Received packet has options ?Total option bytes= 40, padded length=40 ?Record route: ?? (172.16.2.1) ?? (172.16.3.1) ?? (172.16.3.2) ?? (172.16.1.2) ?? (1.1.1.1) <*> ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?? (0.0.0.0) ?End of list 可以注意到數據包的路徑可以發現,來回的路徑不同,也就是說數據包是走了負載均衡的.

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/bennie/101394

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