DHCP：

?實現DHCP服務前，先將網絡已有DHCP服務，如：vmware中的DHCP關閉，防止沖突

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# yum install -y dhcp-server[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl status dhcpd ● dhcpd.service - DHCPv4 Server DaemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: man:dhcpd(8)man:dhcpd.conf(5)[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl enable --now dhcpd Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service. Job for dhcpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status dhcpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.#服務起不來，查看一下配置文件 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf # # DHCP Server Configuration file. # see /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example #dhcp服務配置范例文件 # see dhcpd.conf(5) man page #[root@cent8_yzil ~]# cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf cp: overwrite '/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf'? yes [root@cent8_yzil ~]# #有了配置文件，服務還是起不來，說明配置還是不符合要求 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl enable --now dhcpd Job for dhcpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status dhcpd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details. #查看錯誤日志，沒有對應的子網定義 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat /var/log/messages Apr 28 22:05:17 cent8_yzil dhcpd[37755]: No subnet declaration for ens33 (10.0.0.133).[root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { }[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl enable --now dhcpd [root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl status dhcpd ● dhcpd.service - DHCPv4 Server DaemonLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Wed 2021-04-28 22:12:50 EDT; 40s agoDocs: man:dhcpd(8)man:dhcpd.conf(5)Main PID: 37947 (dhcpd)Status: "Dispatching packets..."Tasks: 1 (limit: 11251)Memory: 5.5MCGroup: /system.slice/dhcpd.service└─37947 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -f -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -user dhcpd -group dhcpd --no-pid [root@cent8_yzil ~]# #監聽端口udp67 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# ss -ntul Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port udp UNCONN 0 0 192.168.122.1:53 0.0.0.0:* udp UNCONN 0 0 0.0.0.0:67 0.0.0.0:* [root@cent8_yzil ~]# #修改配置文件 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76, 223.5.5.5; #DNSdefault-lease-time 86400; #默認租期，修改為一天的時間，以秒為單位 max-lease-time 106400; #最大周期 subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {range 10.0.0.150 10.0.0.160; #分配的IP區間option routers 10.0.0.2; #網關}[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl restart dhcpd測試： forever 自動獲取 [root@cent7_yzil ~]# systemctl restart network [root@cent7_yzil ~]# ip a 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:72:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 10.0.0.150/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global dynamic ens33valid_lft 85893sec preferred_lft 85893secinet6 fe80::7e7e:c681:465:5aa6/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@cent7_yzil ~]# [root@y_zilong ~]# systemctl restart network [root@y_zilong ~]# hostname -I 10.0.0.151 [root@y_zilong ~]# #客戶端打開udp68端口 [root@cent7_yzil ~]# ss -ntul udp UNCONN 0 0 *:68 *:* [root@cent7_yzil ~]# #可以從dhcp服務器上看到分配出去的IP地址 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# cat /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases authoring-byte-order little-endian;lease 10.0.0.150 {starts 4 2021/04/29 02:31:21;ends 5 2021/04/30 02:31:21;tstp 5 2021/04/30 02:31:21;cltt 4 2021/04/29 02:31:21;binding state active;next binding state free;rewind binding state free;hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:d3:72:51;client-hostname "cent7_yzil"; } lease 10.0.0.151 {starts 4 2021/04/29 02:32:00;ends 5 2021/04/30 02:32:00;tstp 5 2021/04/30 02:32:00;cltt 4 2021/04/29 02:32:00;binding state active;next binding state free;rewind binding state free;hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:74:76:e8;client-hostname "y_zilong"; } server-duid "\000\001\000\001(\034\322\242\000\014)M\207\005";[root@cent8_yzil ~]# #查看客戶端如何獲取地址，通過廣播自動獲取 [root@cent7_yzil ~]# dhclient -d DHCPDISCOVER on ens33 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8 (xid=0x7eed4116) DHCPREQUEST on ens33 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x7eed4116) [root@cent8_yzil ~]# vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.confoption domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76, 223.5.5.5; #DNSdefault-lease-time 86400; #默認租期，修改為一天的時間，以秒為單位 max-lease-time 106400; #最大周期subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {range 10.0.0.150 10.0.0.160; #分配的IP區間option routers 10.0.0.2; #網關next-server 10.0.0.133; #dhcp服務器的IP地址，下載服務器filename "pxelinux.0"; #grub文件 }指定固定IP地址，可以不在上面的分配IP區間之內，只要在10.0.0.0這個網段內的IP地址都可以 host testhost{hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:d3:72:51;fixed-address 10.0.0.123; }[root@cent7_yzil ~]# dhclient -d DHCPACK from 10.0.0.133 (xid=0x71c8e586) bound to 10.0.0.123 -- renewal in 36677 seconds.[root@cent7_yzil ~]# ip a 2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:d3:72:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 10.0.0.123/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global dynamic ens33valid_lft 86202sec preferred_lft 86202secinet6 fe80::7e7e:c681:465:5aa6/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [root@cent7_yzil ~]#

TFTP：提供小文件的下載

[root@cent8_yzil ~]# yum -y install tftp-server[root@cent8_yzil ~]# systemctl enable --now tftp#監聽69端口 [root@cent8_yzil ~]# ss -ntul udp UNCONN 0 0 *:69 *:* [root@cent8_yzil ~]##tftp共享目錄：/var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@cent8_yzil ~]# ls /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@cent8_yzil ~]# cp /etc/centos-release /var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@cent8_yzil ~]# ll /var/lib/tftpboot/ total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30 Apr 28 23:19 centos-release [root@cent8_yzil ~]# mv /var/lib/tftpboot/centos-release /var/lib/tftpboot/ver.txt [root@cent8_yzil ~]# #下載tftp客戶端： [root@cent7_yzil ~]# yum install tftp[root@cent7_yzil ~]# tftp 10.0.0.133 tftp> get ver.txt[root@cent7_yzil ~]# ls ver.txt [root@cent7_yzil ~]# ll ver.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Apr 28 20:22 ver.txt [root@cent7_yzil ~]#

?

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的实现DHCP服务和TFTP服务的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。