文章目錄

• 創建 axes
• • worldmap
• 加載數據
• • shaperead
  • load
• 顯示地圖元素
• • geoshow
  • plotm 畫線
• 格式、屬性控制
• • makesymbolspec
  • setm

• 當把東經西經換成小數表示時，北正南負、東正西負

創建 axes

worldmap

%1 ax = worldmap('France') %2 ax = worldmap({'Africa','India'}) %3 ax = worldmap([25 50],[-130 -65]); %4 load korea % Map of terrain elevations in Korea ax = worldmap(map, refvec);

加載數據

shaperead

%1 S = shaperead(FILENAME) returns an N-by-1 structure array, %2 S = shaperead(filename,Name,Value, ...) %3 [S, A] = shaperead(...)S An N-by-1 geographic data structure array containing an element for each non-null, spatial feature in the shapefile. A An N-by-1 attribute structure array, A, parallel to array S.

常用內置文件

文件名(.shp)說明數據結構

usastatelo	美國州行政區域劃分	Polygon
landareas	世界的陸地形狀	Polygon
worldcities	世界城市	Point
worldrivers	世界河流	Line
worldlakes	世界湖泊	Polygon

參數

namevaluedetails

UseGeoCoords	true、false	默認false，此時結構體中用X,Y表示坐標；若為true，結構體中用Lat、Lon表示坐標。
BoundingBox	[xmin,ymin;xmax,ymax] for map coordinates, [lonmin,latmin;lonmax,latmax] for geographic coordinates

數據結構

typeproperties

Lines	‘Color’, ‘LineStyle’, ‘LineWidth’, and ‘Visible.’
Points or Multipoints	‘Marker’, ‘Color’, ‘MarkerEdgeColor’,‘MarkerFaceColor’,‘MarkerSize’, and ‘Visible.’
Polygons	‘FaceColor’, ‘FaceAlpha’, ‘LineStyle’, ‘LineWidth’, ‘EdgeColor’, ‘EdgeAlpha’, and ‘Visible.’

load

• load coast

顯示地圖元素

geoshow

• 第一個參數是ax和不是ax的區別

figure(1) geoshow(ax, land, 'FaceColor', [0.5 0.7 0.5]);figure(2) geoshow(land, 'FaceColor', [0.5 0.7 0.5]);

• 數據是Polygon、Point、Line

states = shaperead('usastatelo', 'UseGeoCoords', true); faceColors = makesymbolspec('Polygon',...{'INDEX', [1 numel(states)], 'FaceColor', polcmap(numel(states))}); geoshow(ax, states, 'DisplayType', 'polygon', 'SymbolSpec', faceColors)rivers = shaperead('worldrivers', 'UseGeoCoords', true); geoshow(rivers, 'Color', 'blue')cities = shaperead('worldcities', 'UseGeoCoords', true); geoshow(cities, 'Marker', '.', 'Color', 'red')

• 畫線——數據是以經度數組、緯度數組

ax = worldmap('USA'); load coast geoshow(ax, lat, long,...'DisplayType', 'polygon', 'FaceColor', [.45 .60 .30])

• 畫點 —— 數據是以經度數組、緯度數組

例

TowerLon = -74.0; %經度坐標 TowerLat = 40.43;%緯度坐標 %用紅色標記繪制%埃菲爾鐵塔 geoshow(TowerLat, TowerLon, 'Marker','.','MarkerEdgeColor','red','MarkerSize',10)

plotm 畫線

• h = plotm(lat,lon)displays projected line objects on the current map axes.
• h = plotm(lat,lon,linetype) where linetype is a linespec that specifies the line style.
• h = plotm(lat,lon,PropertyName,PropertyValue,...) allows the specification of any number of property name/property value pairs for any properties recognized by the MATLAB line function except for XData, YData, and ZData.

格式、屬性控制

makesymbolspec

construct vector symbolization specification

SYMBOLSPEC = makesymbolspec(GEOMETRY,RULE1,RULE2,...RULEN)

• GEOMETRY is one of ‘Point’, ‘MultiPoint’, ‘Line’, ‘Polygon’, or ‘Patch’
• To create a rule that applies to all features, a default rule, use the
  following syntax for RULEN:
  {'Default',Property1,Value1,Property2,Value2,...,PropertyN,ValueN}
• To create a rule that applies to only features that have a particular
  value or range of values for a specified attribute, use the following
  syntax:
  {AttributeName,AttributeValue,Property1,Value1,... Property2,Value2,...,PropertyN,ValueN}
  AttributeValue and ValueN can each be a two element vector, [low
  high], specifying a range. If AttributeValue is a range, ValueN may
  or may not be a range.
  allowable values for PropertyN

typeproperties

Lines	‘Color’, ‘LineStyle’, ‘LineWidth’, and ‘Visible.’
Points or Multipoints	‘Marker’, ‘Color’, ‘MarkerEdgeColor’,‘MarkerFaceColor’,‘MarkerSize’, and ‘Visible.’
Polygons	‘FaceColor’, ‘FaceAlpha’, ‘LineStyle’, ‘LineWidth’, ‘EdgeColor’, ‘EdgeAlpha’, and ‘Visible.’

example:

%1 blueRoads = makesymbolspec('Line',{'Default','Color',[0 0 1]}); %2 roadColors = makesymbolspec('Line',{'CLASS',2,'Color','r'},...{'CLASS',3,'Color','g'},...{'CLASS',6,'Color','b'},...{'Default','Color','k'}); %3 lineStyle = makesymbolspec('Line',{'CLASS',[1 3],'LineStyle','-.'},...{'CLASS',[4 6],'LineStyle',':'});

例二：

clear all ax = worldmap([25 50],[-130 -65]); states = shaperead('usastatelo.shp', 'UseGeoCoords', true);% 準備顏色數據 data = zeros(numel(states),3) for i = 1:numel(states)data(i,:)=[1 1 1] * i/51 end% 繪制 faceColors = makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1 numel(states)], 'FaceColor',data}) geoshow(ax, states,'SymbolSpec', faceColors) % geoshow(ax, states)

結果：

setm

• 設置坐標原點 setm(ax, ‘Origin’, [20 30])

總結

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