公有云、私有云、私有化

Private clouds can be expensive, large scale projects that are carried out over a number of years. They’re designed to offer customers near-limitless capacity and a cost-effective way of consolidating their physical server footprint. However, the future of the private cloud is a bit hazy with many large enterprises choosing to keep a large proportion of their IT services in-house so that they can retain more control, but more importantly to meet regulatory requirements. The costs involved have meant that many businesses have been taking a staggered approach to cloud migration, instead choosing to move as old hardware reaches the end of its useful life rather than moving everything over in one go.

私有云可能是花費數年之久的昂貴，大規模的項目。 它們旨在為客戶提供近乎無限的容量，以及以經濟高效的方式整合其物理服務器占用空間的方式。 但是，私有云的未來有些模糊，許多大型企業選擇將大部分IT服務保留在內部，以便它們可以保留更多控制權，但更重要的是滿足法規要求。 所涉及的成本意味著許多企業已經采取了交錯遷移的方法來遷移云，而不是選擇在舊硬件使用壽命到期時遷移，而不是一勞永逸。

大公司積極向公共云邁進 (Big companies moving aggressively towards the public cloud)

With a private cloud, a business will purchase an environment of a pre-agreed capacity; this capacity can be assigned to virtual machines so that a tailored infrastructure can be created. However, the drawback of this are that the capacity could at some point become limiting, or the customer may fail to utilise the capacity effectively and could be left with a large amount of redundant resources.

借助私有云，企業將購買預先約定的容量的環境； 可以將該容量分配給虛擬機，以便創建定制的基礎架構。 但是，這樣做的缺點是容量可能在某個時候受到限制，或者客戶可能無法有效利用容量，并可能留下大量的冗余資源。

The public cloud on the other hand provides an abundance of resources that customers can access in the same way that they’d be able to in the private cloud, the difference being that they’re only paying for their usage and not a pre-defined infrastructure that may not completely engage with their requirements in the long-term.

另一方面，公共云提供了客戶可以在私有云中訪問的相同資源的豐富資源，不同之處在于，它們僅是為使用付費，而不是預先定義的可能無法長期完全滿足其需求的基礎架構。

托管解決方案代表了具有成本效益的支持策略 (Hosted solutions represent cost-effective support strategy)

Hosted solutions are private cloud products that are sold by web hosting companies; customers are provided with their own private cloud infrastructure, but the underlying hardware is owned and supported by the hosting company. Whilst these solutions require only a small initial outlay, in the long-term they can prove to be the most costly option as you will be paying the same price every month for as long as you utilise the service, whereas if you invest in your own hardware then whether you pay for the equipment outright or get it on finance, once the balance is paid off the hardware will still have a residual value. However, for many the attraction of hosted services is the level of support that accompanies these packages.

托管解決方案是由網絡托管公司出售的私有云產品； 向客戶提供了他們自己的私有云基礎結構，但是基礎硬件由托管公司擁有并提供支持。 雖然這些解決方案只需要很小的初始支出，但從長遠來看，它們可以證明是最昂貴的選擇，因為只要您使用該服務，您每月就要支付相同的價格，而如果您自己投資，硬件，則無論您是直接購買設備還是通過財務獲得資金，一旦余額付清，硬件仍將具有殘值。 但是，對于許多托管服務而言，這些軟件包所提供的支持水平才是吸引人的地方。

IT support can be a major expense for businesses of any size, and a hosted solution is one way in which this cost can be cut since the expense of support will be included in the price for the private cloud, reducing the need for private cloud customers to retain their own internal IT departments. The issue with retaining an internal IT department for such purposes is that you will have to pay them even when there may not necessarily be any work for them to do, whereas for a lower cost you can call on the cloud provider’s support team to offer assistance whenever you need them. Outsourced support also has the benefit of being 24 hours, whilst if you were to maintain an IT department internally on such hours then the cost would likely be very prohibitive.

IT支持可能是任何規模的企業的主要支出，而托管解決方案是削減成本的一種方式，因為支持費用將包括在私有云的價格中，從而減少了對私有云客戶的需求保留自己的內部IT部門。 為此目的而保留內部IT部門的問題是，即使他們不一定要做任何工作，您也必須向他們付款，而您可以以較低的成本向云提供商的支持團隊尋求幫助每當您需要它們時。 外包支持還具有24小時制的優勢，而如果您要在這些小時內在內部維護IT部門，則成本可能會非常高。

Hosted solutions may represent the most cost-effective solution for businesses looking for a package that combines support with the service, but a hosted solution can be prohibitive for some, citing the lack of control over what hardware is used and there being no physical access to the servers.

對于尋求將支持與服務結合在一起的軟件包的企業而言，托管解決方案可能是最經濟高效的解決方案，但是托管解決方案對于某些企業而言可能是禁止的，因為它無法控制所使用的硬件并且無法物理訪問服務器。

混云 (Mixing the clouds)

There is very few companies that have a need to migrate their entire infrastructure to the cloud, in scenarios where existing hardware is not yet at the end of its useful life or particular applications are better suited to dedicated hardware, businesses are likely to stall the migration in favour of moving things over at a time that will be least disruptive and most financially sensible. Hybrid cloud products let businesses utilise a bit of everything; public cloud servers can be integrated with a private cloud infrastructure, whilst all of this can be configured to work with a business’s existing dedicated hardware infrastructure – even if this hardware is hosted internally or at a remote location.

在現有硬件尚未達到使用壽命或特定應用程序更適合專用硬件的情況下，很少有公司需要將其整個基礎架構遷移到云，因此企業很可能會停止遷移支持在最小的破壞性和最明智的財務狀況下移動事物。 混合云產品使企業可以充分利用一切； 公共云服務器可以與私有云基礎結構集成，而所有這些都可以配置為與企業現有的專用硬件基礎結構一起使用-即使該硬件是內部托管或位于遠程位置。

Such an approach to the cloud enables business to tailor a platform that is complimentary of all of their requirements; some view the cloud as trying to provide a ‘one size fits all’ solution when there’s some aspects that may be better off hosted in-house or on dedicated hardware, and hybrid cloud products let businesses utilise their existing platforms and make use of new technologies concurrently.

這種針對云的方法使企業能夠定制滿足其所有需求的平臺。 有些人認為云在嘗試提供“一刀切”的解決方案時存在某些方面可能比內部托管或專用硬件更好，并且混合云產品使企業可以利用其現有平臺并利用新技術同時。

The hybrid cloud could be a catalyst for utilising the private cloud in the future. Rather than businesses purchasing and maintaining a single private cloud environment, the hybrid connector will enable them to pick and choose the cloud elements that they use.

混合云可能會成為將來利用私有云的催化劑。 混合連接器使企業能夠選擇自己使用的云元素，而不是購買和維護單個私有云環境。

法規要求的影響 (The impact of regulatory requirements)

Most businesses have to work to regulatory requirements dictating how the personal information of their customers can be handled and these requirements have in some cases been restricting the level to which an organisation can engage with the private cloud. Using banks and financial institutions as an example, regulations prevent them from holding any personally identifiable information and details in a cloud environment; whilst anonymised data can be held in the cloud, any identifiable information has to be hosted on their own internal systems. It is for this reason that such establishments have been utilising a hybrid approach since this enables them to cut their IT costs and tap into the latest technologies without breaking the rules the govern their industry.

大多數企業必須遵守法規要求，以決定如何處理其客戶的個人信息，并且在某些情況下，這些要求限制了組織與私有云互動的級別。 法規以銀行和金融機構為例，阻止它們在云環境中保存任何個人身份信息和詳細信息； 盡管匿名數據可以存儲在云中，但任何可識別的信息都必須托管在其自己的內部系統中。 出于這個原因，這樣的企業一直在使用混合方法，因為這使他們能夠削減IT成本并利用最新技術，而不會違反管理其行業的規則。

I would say that the private cloud does have a sustainable future, primarily with larger enterprises for which it isn’t possible to share a hosting environment with any other users. Whilst I don’t expect to see too many standalone private cloud environments, a private cloud as part of a hybrid solution will enable customers to choose where they host which services and a mix of public, private and dedicated means that there will always be a platform available for whatever a specific applications requirements may be. It won’t disappear completely, but its use will decline slightly as customers realise the cost benefits of the public cloud and the private benefits of retaining a certain proportion of services in-house.

我要說的是，私有云確實具有可持續的未來，主要是與無法與其他任何用戶共享托管環境的大型企業。 雖然我不希望看到太多的獨立私有云環境，但作為混合解決方案一部分的私有云將使客戶能夠選擇托管服務的位置，以及公共，私有和專用的混合，這將始終平臺可滿足特定的應用程序需求。 它不會完全消失，但是隨著客戶意識到公共云的成本優勢和保留一定比例的內部服務的私人優勢，其使用率將略有下降。

翻譯自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/what-is-the-future-of-the-private-cloud/

公有云、私有云、私有化

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