pring對Controller、Service、Dao進行Junit單元測試總結

? 所有用Junit進行單元測試，都需要下面的配置

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

? applicationContext.xml 是整個項目的Spring的配置文件。包括數據源配置、MVC配置和各種Bean的注冊掃描。如果你是多個文件，就用都好隔開寫多個，像這樣

{ "classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:servlet-context.xml"}

1.Dao層的單元測試。

? 將*Mapper接口注入進來，直接調用即可。加上@Transactional 事物管理注解以后，單元測試執行完后會撤銷對數據庫的修改。想看增刪改的結果的話，可以把這個注解先注釋。

~~~java

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.dao.UserMapper;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Date;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-3.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”})

@Transactional

public class DaoTests {

@Autowired

private UserMapper userMapper;

@Test

public void testSelect() {

User userInfo = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1L);

System.out.println(userInfo);

}

@Test

public void insert(){

User user = new User();

// user.setId(5L);

user.setAge(“9”);

user.setName(“王五”);

user.setSex(“M”);

user.setCreateTime(new Date());

userMapper.insert(user);

}

@Test

public void testUpdate() {

User user = new User();

user.setId(5L);

user.setAge("999");

user.setName("王五");

user.setSex("M");

user.setCreateTime(new Date());

userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user);

}

@Test

public void testDelete() {

userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(7L);

}

}

2. Service層的單元測試與Dao層基本一致，把Service注入進來調用就行。

~~~java

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User;

import com.susq.mbts.service.UserService;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-8.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”})

public class Sertest {

@Autowired

private UserService userService;

@Test

public void selectUserTest() {

User u = userService.selectUser(1);

System.out.println(u);

}

}

3. Controller層的單元測試

? 一種是把Controller的Bean注入進來，調里面的方法，這很顯然比較扯淡，連Url都沒經過，只測了方法。另一種是使用MockMvc模擬通過url的接口調用。MockMvc是SpringMVC提供的Controller測試類，每次進行單元測試時，都是預先執行@Before中的setup方法，初始healthArticleController單元測試環境。

? 注意：一定要把待測試的Controller實例進行MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(xxxxController).build(); 否則會拋出無法找到@RequestMapping路徑的異常：No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/cms/app/getArticleList] in DispatcherServlet

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.controller.UserController;

import org.junit.Before;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;

import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;

/**

* Created by susq on 2017-5-8.

*/

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

public class ConTest {

@Autowired

private UserController userController;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before

public void setup(){

mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();

}

@Test

public void Ctest() throws Exception {

ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/show_user3").param("id", "1"));

MvcResult mvcResult = resultActions.andReturn();

String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();

System.out.println("=====客戶端獲得反饋數據:" + result);

// 也可以從response里面取狀態碼，header,cookies...

// System.out.println(mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());

}

}

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