?????? 前言： 在ORACLE數據庫的SQL*PLUS里面有個DES(DESCRIBE)命令,它可以返回數據庫所存儲對象的描述,如下所示?

SQL> DESC STUDENT_SCORE ? Name Type Nullable Default Comments ? ---------------- ---------- -------- ------- -------- ? STUDENT_NO NUMBER(10) 學號 ? CHINESE_SCORE NUMBER Y 語文成績 ? ENGLISH_SCORE NUMBER Y 英語成績 ? MATH_SOCRE NUMBER Y 數學成績 ? PHYSICAL_SCORE NUMBER Y 物理成績 ? SPORTS_SCORE NUMBER Y 體育成績 ? CHEMICAL_SCORE NUMBER Y 化學成績 ? BIOLOGICAL_SCORE NUMBER Y 生物成績

DESC可以獲取表、視圖等的字段名、字段類型、以及字段注釋等信息。在開發過程中，這個命令非常實用，方便，也是使用頻率比較高的命令，在MS SQL中沒有這個命令，倒是有個sp_help命令，也比較方便，獲取的信息甚至比DESC命令還多，但是它有個缺陷，不能獲取字段的注釋信息，有時候給你來一堆你不想關注的信息。下面我們我們來創建一個存儲過程，模擬實現DESC命令的功能以及定制一些你想要的功能。希望這個存儲過程能方便大家的工作。初版代碼如下：?

sp_desc

???

SET ANSI_NULLS ON;

GO

?

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

?

? IF? EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sysobjects WHEREid=OBJECT_ID(N'sp_desc')

????????????????????? AND OBJECTPROPERTY(id, 'IsProcedure') =1)

??? DROP PROCEDURE sp_desc;

GO

?

--==================================================================================================

--??????????? ProcedureName??????????? :??????????? sp_desc

--??????????? Author?????????????????? :??????????? Kerry

--??????????? CreateDate?????????????? :??????????? 2013-05-13

--??????????? Blog???????????????????? :??????????? www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/

--??????????? Description????????????? :??????????? 模仿ORACLE的SQLPLUS命令DESC，并且參考sp_help相關

--????????????????????????????????????????????????? 增強功能

/***************************************************************************************************

??????? Parameters??????????????????? :???????????? 參數說明

****************************************************************************************************

??????????? @ObjName????????????????? :??????????? 需要查看的對象名稱，例如表名、視圖等

****************************************************************************************************

??????? Modified Date??????????? Modified User???? Version??????????? Modified Reason

****************************************************************************************************

?????? 2013-05-19??????????????? Kerry???????????? V01.00.01??????? 增加Print信息，提示輸出內容

***************************************************************************************************/

--==================================================================================================

CREATE PROCEDURE sp_desc

(

??? @ObjName??????? VARCHAR(32)

)

AS

?

SET NOCOUNT ON;

?

DECLARE @ObjectId??????? INT;

DECLARE @Sysobj_Type??? CHAR(2);

?

IF @ObjName IS NULL

??? BEGIN

??????? PRINT 'you must assign the parameter @ObjNam';

????????

??????? RETURN 0;

??? END

?

?

SELECT @ObjectId = object_id, @Sysobj_Type=type FROM sys.all_objects

??? WHERE object_id =OBJECT_ID(@ObjName);

????

IF @Sysobj_Type ='U' AND @ObjectId > 0

BEGIN

????

????????????????

??????? SELECT N'************表的功能描述信息**********' AS N'表的功能描述信息';

????????

??????? --表的功能描述信息

??????? SELECT??? ISNULL(value, '麻煩補齊表的功能描述信息') AS Table_Desc

??????? FROM????? sys.extended_properties

??????? WHERE???? major_id = @ObjectId

??????????? AND minor_id = 0

?????????

??????? SELECT N'************表結構基本信息************' AS N'表結構基本信息';

???????????

??????? --列出表結構的基本信息

??????? SELECT? C.Name AS Column_Nam ,

??????????????? CASE WHEN T.Name = 'nvarchar'

???????????????????? THEN T.name + '(' + CAST(C.max_length / 2 AS VARCHAR) + ')'

???????????????????? ELSE T.name

??????????????? END AS Data_Type ,

??????????????? CASE WHEN C.Max_Length = -1 THEN 'Max'

???????????????????? ELSE CAST(C.Max_Length AS VARCHAR)

??????????????? END AS Max_Length ,

??????????????? C.Precision ,

??????????????? C.Scale???? ,

??????????????? CASE WHEN C.is_nullable = 0 THEN '×'

???????????????????? ELSE '√'

??????????????? END AS Is_Nullable ,

??????????????? ISNULL(CAST(I.seed_value AS VARCHAR) + '-'

?????????????????????? + CAST(I.increment_value AS VARCHAR), '') AS Is_Identity ,

??????????????? ISNULL(M.text, '') AS Default_Value ,

??????????????? ISNULL(P.value, '') AS Column_Comments

??????? FROM??? sys.columns C

??????????????? INNER JOIN sys.types T ON C.system_type_id = T.user_type_id

??????????????? LEFT? JOIN dbo.syscomments M ON M.id = C.default_object_id

??????????????? LEFT? JOIN sys.extended_properties P ON P.major_id = C.object_id

??????????????????????????????????????????????????????? AND C.column_id = P.minor_id

??????????????? LEFT? JOIN sys.identity_columns I ON I.column_id = C.column_id

???????????????????????????????????????????????????? AND C.object_id = I.object_id

??????? WHERE?? C.[object_id] = @ObjectId

??????? ORDER BY C.Column_Id ASC;

????????

??????? SELECT N'**********表約束基本信息************' AS N'表約束基本信息';

????????

??????? --表的約束信息

????????? SELECT??? name ,

??????????????????? type

????????? FROM????? sys.objects

????????? WHERE???? parent_object_id = @ObjectId

??????????????????? AND type IN( 'C ', 'PK', 'UQ', 'F ', 'D ' ) ;

????????

????????

??????? SELECT N'********表的索引基本信息********' AS N'表的索引基本信息';

????????

????????? --±表的索引信息

????????? SELECT??? i.index_id ,

??????????????????? i.data_space_id ,

??????????????????? i.name ,

??????????????????? CASE WHEN type = 0 THEN '堆'

???????????????????????? WHEN type = 1 THEN '聚集索引'

???????????????????????? WHEN type = 2 THEN '非聚集索引'

???????????????????????? WHEN type = 3 THEN 'XML'

???????????????????????? WHEN TYPE = 4 THEN '空間'

??????????????????? END AS [type] ,

??????????????????? i.ignore_dup_key ,

??????????????????? i.is_unique ,

??????????????????? i.is_hypothetical ,

??????????????????? i.is_primary_key ,

??????????????????? i.is_unique_constraint ,

??????????????????? s.auto_created ,

??????????????????? s.no_recompute

????????? FROM????? sys.indexes i

??????????????????? JOIN sys.stats s ON i.object_id = s.object_id

??????????????????????????????????????? AND i.index_id = s.stats_id

????????? WHERE???? i.object_id = @ObjectId;

??

????????? SELECT N'********索引包含那些字段********' AS '索引字段信息';

????????????

????????? SELECT? d.name, i.index_id, c.name

??????????? FROM?? sys.indexes d

??????????????? INNER JOIN??? sys.index_columns i ON d.object_id = i.object_id

??????????????????? LEFT JOIN sys.columns c ON i.object_id = c.object_id

?????????????????????????????????????????????? AND i.index_column_id = c.column_id

??????????? WHERE?? d.object_id = @ObjectId;

????????

????????

???????? SELECT N'********表的觸發器基本信息********' AS N'觸發器信息';

??????? --表的觸發器信息

????????

??????? SELECT? trigger_name = name ,

??????????????? trigger_owner = USER_NAME(OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ownerid')) ,

??????????????? isupdate = OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ExecIsUpdateTrigger') ,

??????????????? isdelete = OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ExecIsDeleteTrigger') ,

??????????????? isinsert = OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ExecIsInsertTrigger') ,

??????????????? isafter = OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ExecIsAfterTrigger') ,

??????????????? isinsteadof = OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ExecIsInsteadOfTrigger') ,

??????????????? trigger_schema = SCHEMA_NAME(schema_id)

??????? FROM????? sys.objects

??????? WHERE???? parent_object_id = @ObjectId

??????????????? AND type IN( 'TR', 'TA' ) ;

????

END

ELSE IF @Sysobj_Type ='V' AND @ObjectId > 0

BEGIN

?

??? SELECT N'*********視圖的功能描述信息**********'? AS N'視圖的功能描述信息';

????

??? --視圖的功能描述信息

??? SELECT??? ISNULL(value, N'麻煩補齊描述該視圖功能的信息') AS View_Desc

??? FROM????? sys.extended_properties

??? WHERE???? major_id = @ObjectId

??????? AND minor_id = 0

????????????

??? SELECT '*************視圖基本信息*****************' AS N'視圖基本信息';

????

??? SELECT? C.Name AS Column_Nam ,

??????????? CASE WHEN T.Name = 'nvarchar'

???????????????? THEN T.name + '(' + CAST(C.max_length / 2 AS VARCHAR) + ')'

???????????????? ELSE T.name

??????????? END AS Data_Type ,

??????????? CASE WHEN C.Max_Length = -1 THEN 'Max'

???????????????? ELSE CAST(C.Max_Length AS VARCHAR)

??????????? END AS Max_Length ,

??????????? C.Precision ,

??????????? C.Scale???? ,

??????????? CASE WHEN C.is_nullable = 0 THEN '×'

???????????????? ELSE '√'

??????????? END AS Is_Nullable ,

??????????? ISNULL(CAST(I.seed_value AS VARCHAR) + '-'

?????????????????? + CAST(I.increment_value AS VARCHAR), '') AS Is_Identity ,

??????????? ISNULL(M.text, '') AS Default_Value ,

??????????? ISNULL(P.value, '') AS Column_Comments

??? FROM??? sys.columns C

??????????? INNER JOIN sys.types T ON C.system_type_id = T.user_type_id

??????????? LEFT? JOIN dbo.syscomments M ON M.id = C.default_object_id

??????????? LEFT? JOIN sys.extended_properties P ON P.major_id = C.object_id

??????????????????????????????????????????????????? AND C.column_id = P.minor_id

??????????? LEFT? JOIN sys.identity_columns I ON I.column_id = C.column_id

???????????????????????????????????????????????? AND C.object_id = I.object_id

??? WHERE?? C.[object_id] = @ObjectId

??? ORDER BY C.Column_Id ASC;

????

??? SELECT '**********視圖腳本***********' AS '視圖腳本';

????

??? EXEC sp_helptext @ObjName;

????

????

END

ELSE IF @Sysobj_Type ='P' AND @ObjectId > 0

BEGIN

??? SELECT N'*********描述存儲過程功能信息**********'? AS N'描述存儲過程功能信息';

????

??? --存儲過程的功能描述信息

??? SELECT??? ISNULL(value, N'麻煩補齊描述該存儲過程功能的信息') AS View_Desc

??? FROM????? sys.extended_properties

??? WHERE???? major_id = @ObjectId

??????? AND minor_id = 0;

????????

??? EXEC sp_help? @ObjName;

END

?

ELSE IF @Sysobj_Type IN('IF') AND @ObjectId > 0

BEGIN

?

??????? SELECT N'*********描述自定義函數功能信息**********'? AS N'描述自定義函數功能信息';

????

??????? --描述自定義函數功能信息

??????? SELECT??? ISNULL(value, N'麻煩補齊描述該自定義函數功能的信息') AS View_Desc

??????? FROM????? sys.extended_properties

??????? WHERE???? major_id = @ObjectId

??????????? AND minor_id = 0;

????????

????????

??????? SELECT? 'Name' = o.name ,

??????????????? 'Owner' = USER_NAME(OBJECTPROPERTY(object_id, 'ownerid')) ,

??????????????? 'Object_type' = SUBSTRING(v.name, 5, 31)

??????? FROM??? sys.all_objects o ,

??????????????? master.dbo.spt_values v

??????? WHERE? o.object_id =@ObjectId AND? o.type = SUBSTRING(v.name, 1, 2) COLLATE database_default

??????????????? AND v.type = 'O9T'

??????? ORDER BY [Owner] ASC ,

??????????????? Object_type DESC ,

??????????????? Name ASC

END

?

GO

?

接下來，我們新建一張表來看看效果如何，視圖，存儲過程、自定義函數就不大戰篇幅去展示了，一個例子就OK了，有興趣的，自己試試

? SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO ? SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ? ? IF EXISTS(SELECT * FROM sysobjects WHERE id=OBJECT_ID(N'Employee') AND type='U') ? DROP TABLE dbo.Employee; ? GO ? CREATE TABLE Employee ? ( ? Employee_ID INT IDENTITY(1,1) , Employee_Name NVARCHAR(12) , Sex SMALLINT DEFAULT(1), Department_ID INT , Salary FLOAT , WorkYear INT , CONSTRAINT PK_Employee PRIMARY KEY(Employee_ID) ? ); ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'員工編號' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Employee_ID' GO ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'員工姓名' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Employee_Name' GO ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'性別' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Sex' GO ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'部門編號' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Department_ID' GO ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'薪水' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'Salary' GO ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'工齡' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee', @level2type=N'COLUMN',@level2name=N'WorkYear' GO ? ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'員工信息表' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'TABLE',@level1name=N'Employee' ? ? CREATE TRIGGER TR_Employee_Salary ON Employee AFTER INSERT AS ? DECLARE @Salary FLOAT; ? SELECT @Salary = Salary FROM INSERTED; IF (@Salary < 0) BEGIN RAISERROR('The Salary Small than 0 ',10,1); ROLLBACK TRANSACTION; ? END GO ? ? CREATE VIEW V_Employee AS SELECT Employee_ID, Employee_Name, WorkYear FROM Employee ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'員工信息表' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'VIEW',@level1name=N'V_Employee' ? ? ? EXEC sys.sp_addextendedproperty @name=N'MS_Description', @value=N'給用戶批量賦權限的存儲過程' , @level0type=N'SCHEMA',@level0name=N'dbo', @level1type=N'PROCEDURE',@level1name=N'sp_authorize_right'

執行存儲過程，你可以獲取表Employee的基本信息了，如下所示

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/archive/2013/05/21/3091911.html

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