當你聽到memcache與memcached時把它當做是一個東東就好了，盡管它們存在區別，但是這并不影響你對它們的運用及理解。

“Memcache”它是一個自由和開放源代碼、高性能、分配的內存對象緩存系統，即該系統名稱為“Memcache”;

“Memcached”它是該系統的主程序文件，以守護程序方式運行于一個或多個服務器中（分布式），隨時接受客戶端的連接操作，使用共享內存存取數據;

“Memcachedb”它是新浪2007年的項目，在Memcached的基礎上開發出來了，它與Memcache不同的是它提供了數據持久化存儲

?源代碼地址：http://code.google.com/p/memcached/downloads/list

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首先，我們需要下載一個memcached安裝程序，memcached版本很多，開源的東西我們一定要找一個持續更新的版本，很簡單，有團隊在維護升級。

我選擇的版本是：beitmemcached，項目地址：http://code.google.com/p/beitmemcached/? 注：此鏈結為windows下memcached文程序安裝文件及示例。

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http://code.google.com/p/beitmemcached/downloads/list

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圖中的兩個文件分別為：上面的是客戶端調用示例項目文件、下面的文件是Memcached主程序安裝文件

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然后，將memcached主程序文件安裝到服務器上。

Windows下安裝：

1.將上圖中Memcached 1.2.5.zip解壓縮到 D:\program files\memcached目錄下（此目錄自行定義）。

2.Ctrl+R，輸入cmd，打開命令行窗口，轉到D:\program files\memcached目錄下。

3.memcached.exe -d install

4.memcached.exe -d start

如果你要卸載，執行下面的命令：

1.memcached.exe -d stop

2.memcached.exe -d uninstall

Linux（CentOS 5.x）下安裝：

1. yum?install?gcc

2. cd /tmp

3. wget http://www.monkey.org/~provos/libevent-2.0.4-alpha.tar.gz?? 注：memcached 用到了 libevent 這個庫用于 Socket 的處理，所以 還需要安裝 libevent

4. tar zxvf libevent-2.0.4-alpha.tar.gz

5. cd libevent-2.0.4-alpha

6. ./configure?-prefix=/usr/local/libevent

7. make

8. make install

9. cd ~

10. cd /tmp

11. http://memcached.googlecode.com/files/memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz

12. tar zxvf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz

13. cd memcached-1.4.5

14. ./configure -prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent??? 注：安裝memcached時需要指定libevent的安裝位置

15. make

16. make install

17. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/libevent/lib?? 注：將libevent的lib目錄加入LD_LIBRARY_PATH里

18. vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables?

19. 將下面這行加入進去

-A RH-Firewall-l-INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT? 注：將memcached加入到防火墻允許訪問規則中

20. service iptables restart? 注：防火墻重啟

21. /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d?? 注：啟動memcached

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memcached啟動參數描述：

-d ：啟動一個守護進程，

-m：分配給Memcache使用的內存數量，單位是MB，默認是64MB，

-u ：運行Memcache的用戶

-l? ：監聽的服務器IP地址

-p ：設置Memcache監聽的端口，默認是11211??? 注：-p（p為小寫）

-c ：設置最大并發連接數，默認是1024

-P ：設置保存Memcache的pid文件?? 注：-P（P為大寫）

如果要結束Memcache進程，執行：kill cat pid文件路徑

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無論是在windows下還是在linux下安裝都非常簡單，使用起來也很簡單。

如何往memcached中插入數據？如何來讀取數據？示例代碼如下：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace BeIT.MemCached {
??? class Example {
??????? public static void Main(string[] args) {
??????????? //---------------------
??????????? // Setting up a client.
??????????? //---------------------
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Setting up Memcached Client.");
??????????? MemcachedClient.Setup("MyCache", new string[] { "localhost" });

??????????? //It is possible to have several clients with different configurations:
??????????? //If it is impossible to resolve the hosts, this method will throw an exception.
??????????? try {
??????????????? MemcachedClient.Setup("MyOtherCache", new string[]{ "server1.example.com:12345", "server2.example.com:12345"});
??????????? } catch (Exception e) {
??????????????? Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
??????????? }

??????????? //Get the instance we just set up so we can use it. You can either store this reference yourself in
??????????? //some field, or fetch it every time you need it, it doesn't really matter.
??????????? MemcachedClient cache = MemcachedClient.GetInstance("MyCache");

??????????? //It is also possible to set up clients in the standard config file. Check the section "beitmemcached"
??????????? //in the App.config file in this project and you will see that a client called "MyConfigFileCache" is defined.
??????????? MemcachedClient configFileCache = MemcachedClient.GetInstance("MyConfigFileCache");

??????????? //Change client settings to values other than the default like this:
??????????? cache.SendReceiveTimeout = 5000;
??????????? cache.ConnectTimeout = 5000;
??????????? cache.MinPoolSize = 1;
??????????? cache.MaxPoolSize = 5;

??????????? //----------------
??????????? // Using a client.
??????????? //----------------

??????????? //Set some items
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Storing some items.");
??????????? cache.Set("mystring", "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.");
??????????? cache.Set("myarray", new string[]{"This is the first string.", "This is the second string."});
??????????? cache.Set("myinteger", 4711);
??????????? cache.Set("mydate", new DateTime(2008, 02, 23));
??????????? //Use custom hash
??????????? cache.Set("secondstring", "Flygande b鋍kasiner s鰇a hwila p?mjuka tufvor", 4711);

??????????? //Get a string
??????????? string str = cache.Get("mystring") as string;
??????????? if (str != null) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched item with key: mystring, value: " + str);
??????????? }

??????????? //Get an object
??????????? string[] array = cache.Get("myarray") as string[];
??????????? if (array != null) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched items with key: myarray, value 1: " + array[0] + ", value 2: " + array[1]);
??????????? }

??????????? //Get several values at once
??????????? object[] result = cache.Get(new string[]{"myinteger", "mydate"});
??????????? if (result[0] != null && result[0] is int) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched item with key: myinteger, value: " + (int)result[0]);
??????????? }
??????????? if (result[1] != null && result[1] is DateTime) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched item with key: mydate, value: " + (DateTime)result[1]);
??????????? }

??????????? str = cache.Get("secondstring", 4711) as string;
??????????? if (str != null) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched item with key and custom hash: secondstring, value: " + str);
??????????? }

??????????? //Set a counter
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Setting an item for incrementing and decrementing.");
??????????? cache.SetCounter("mycounter", 9000);
??????????? ulong? counter = cache.GetCounter("mycounter");
??????????? if (counter.HasValue) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Fetched mycounter, value: " + counter.Value);
??????????? }

??????????? //Increment the counter
??????????? counter = cache.Increment("mycounter", 1);
??????????? if (counter.HasValue) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Incremented mycounter with 1, new value: " + counter.Value);
??????????? }

??????????? //Decrement the counter
??????????? counter = cache.Decrement("mycounter", 9000);
??????????? if (counter.HasValue) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Decremented mycounter with 9000, new value: " + counter.Value);
??????????? }

??????????? //Append and prepend
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Storing bar for append/prepend");
??????????? cache.Set("foo", "bar");
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Appending baz");
??????????? cache.Append("foo", " baz");
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Prepending foo");
??????????? cache.Prepend("foo", "foo ");
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("New value: " + cache.Get("foo"));

??????????? //Cas
??????????? cache.Delete("castest");
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Trying to CAS non-existant key castest: " + cache.CheckAndSet("castest", "a", 0));
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Setting value for key: castest, value: a");
??????????? cache.Set("castest", "a");
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Trying to CAS key castest with the wrong unique: " + cache.CheckAndSet("castest", "a", 0));
??????????? ulong unique;
??????????? cache.Gets("castest", out unique);
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Getting cas unique for key castest: " + unique);
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Trying to CAS again with the above unique: " + cache.CheckAndSet("castest", "b", unique));
??????????? string value = cache.Gets("castest", out unique) as string;
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("New value: " + value + ", new unique: " + unique);

??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Displaying the socketpool status:");
??????????? foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Dictionary<string, string>> host in cache.Status()) {
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Host: " + host.Key);
??????????????? foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> item in host.Value) {
??????????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("\t" + item.Key + ": " + item.Value);
??????????????? }
??????????????? Console.Out.WriteLine();
??????????? }

??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine();
??????????? Console.Out.WriteLine("Finished. Press enter to exit.");
??????????? Console.In.ReadLine();
??????? }
??? }

}

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注：memcached是以KEY-VALUE的方式進行數據存儲的，KEY的大小限制：Key（max）<=250個字符；VALUE在存儲時有 限制：Value（max）<= 1M；memcached默認過期時間：ExpiresTime（max）= 30（days）。

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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/yuanxiaoping_21cn_com/archive/2012/04/18/2456186.html

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