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C#实现实体类和XML相互转换

發(fā)布時間：2023/12/18 C# 34 豆豆

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一、實體類轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

將實體類轉(zhuǎn)換成XML需要使用XmlSerializer類的Serialize方法，將實體類序列化

public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj) {using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()){Type t= obj.GetType(); XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);sw.Close();return sw.ToString();} }

示例：

1、定義實體類

1 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)]2 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]3 public class Request4 {5 6 public string System { get; set; }7 public string SecurityCode { get; set; }8 public PatientBasicInfo PatientInfo { get; set; } 9 } 10 11 /// <remarks/> 12 [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTypeAttribute(AnonymousType = true)] 13 public partial class PatientBasicInfo 14 { 15 public string PatientNo { get; set; } 16 public string PatientName { get; set; } 17 public string Phoneticize { get; set; } 18 public string Sex { get; set; } 19 public string Birth { get; set; } 20 public string BirthPlace { get; set; } 21 public string Country { get; set; } 22 public string Nation { get; set; } 23 public string IDNumber { get; set; } 24 public string SecurityNo { get; set; } 25 public string Workunits { get; set; } 26 public string Address { get; set; } 27 public string ZIPCode { get; set; } 28 public string Phone { get; set; } 29 public string ContactPerson { get; set; } 30 public string ContactShip { get; set; } 31 public string ContactPersonAdd { get; set; } 32 public string ContactPersonPhone { get; set; } 33 public string OperationCode { get; set; } 34 public string OperationName { get; set; } 35 public string OperationTime { get; set; } 36 public string CardNo { get; set; } 37 public string ChangeType { get; set; } 38 39 }

2、給實體類賦值，并通過序列化將實體類轉(zhuǎn)換成XML格式的字符串

1 Request patientIn = new Request();2 patientIn.System = "HIS";3 patientIn.SecurityCode = "HIS5";4 5 PatientBasicInfo basicInfo = new PatientBasicInfo();6 basicInfo.PatientNo = "1234";7 basicInfo.PatientName = "測試";8 basicInfo.Phoneticize = "";9 basicInfo.Sex = "1"; 10 basicInfo.Birth = ""; 11 basicInfo.BirthPlace = ""; 12 basicInfo.Country = ""; 13 basicInfo.Nation = ""; 14 basicInfo.IDNumber = ""; 15 basicInfo.SecurityNo = ""; 16 basicInfo.Workunits = ""; 17 basicInfo.Address = ""; 18 basicInfo.ZIPCode = ""; 19 basicInfo.Phone = ""; 20 basicInfo.ContactShip = ""; 21 basicInfo.ContactPersonPhone = ""; 22 basicInfo.ContactPersonAdd = ""; 23 basicInfo.ContactPerson = ""; 24 basicInfo.ChangeType = ""; 25 basicInfo.CardNo = ""; 26 basicInfo.OperationCode = ""; 27 basicInfo.OperationName = ""; 28 basicInfo.OperationTime = ""; 29 30 patientIn.PatientInfo = basicInfo; 31 32 //序列化 33 string strxml = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize<Request>(patientIn);

3、生成的XML實例

1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>2 <Request xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">3 <System>HIS</System>4 <SecurityCode>HIS5</SecurityCode>5 <PatientInfo>6 <PatientNo>1234</PatientNo>7 <PatientName>測試</PatientName>8 <Phoneticize />9 <Sex>1</Sex> 10 <Birth /> 11 <BirthPlace /> 12 <Country /> 13 <Nation /> 14 <IDNumber /> 15 <SecurityNo /> 16 <Workunits /> 17 <Address /> 18 <ZIPCode /> 19 <Phone /> 20 <ContactPerson /> 21 <ContactShip /> 22 <ContactPersonAdd /> 23 <ContactPersonPhone /> 24 <OperationCode /> 25 <OperationName /> 26 <OperationTime /> 27 <CardNo /> 28 <ChangeType /> 29 </PatientInfo> 30 </Request>

二、將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成實體類

把XML轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的實體類，需要使用到XmlSerializer類的Deserialize方法，將XML進行反序列化。

1 public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T:class2 {3 try4 {5 using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML))6 {7 XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));8 return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;9 } 10 } 11 catch (Exception ex) 12 { 13 return null; 14 } 15 }

示例：

將上例中序列化后的XML反序列化成實體類

1 //反序列化 2 Request r = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<Request>(strxml);

?三、將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

1 //將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換成XML2 DataTable dt = new DataTable("MyTable");3 //添加列4 dt.Columns.Add("Id", typeof(int));5 dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));6 dt.Columns.Add("Sex", typeof(char));7 //添加行8 dt.Rows.Add(1, "小明", '1');9 dt.Rows.Add(2, "小紅", '2'); 10 dt.Rows.Add(3, "小王", '2'); 11 dt.Rows.Add(4, "測試", '2'); 12 //序列化，將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換成XML格式的字符串 13 string strXML = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize <DataTable> (dt);

四、將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成DataTable

1 //反序列化，將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串 2 DataTable dtNew= XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<DataTable>(strXML);

五、將List集合轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

/// <summary> /// 測試類 /// </summary> public class Student {public int Id { get; set; }public string Name { get; set; }public char Sex { get; set; }public int Age { get; set; } }//測試集合 List<Student> list = new List<Student>() {new Student(){Id=1,Name="小紅",Sex='2',Age=20},new Student(){Id=2,Name="小明",Sex='1',Age=22},new Student(){Id=3,Name="小王",Sex='1',Age=19},new Student(){Id=4,Name="測試",Sex='2',Age=23} }; //序列化 string strXML = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize<List<Student>>(list);

六、將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成集合

使用上面例子中集合轉(zhuǎn)換成的XML進行反序列化。

1 //反序列化 2 List<Student> listStu = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<List<Student>>(strXML);

//**************************************

1、實體類與XML相互轉(zhuǎn)換

將實體類轉(zhuǎn)換成XML需要使用XmlSerializer類的Serialize方法，將實體類序列化。

把XML轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的實體類，需要使用到XmlSerializer類的Deserialize方法，將XML進行反序列化。

創(chuàng)建XML序列化公共處理類（XmlSerializeHelper.cs）

using System;

using System.IO;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

/// <summary>

/// XML序列化公共處理類

/// </summary>

public static class XmlSerializeHelper

{

/// <summary>

/// 將實體對象轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

/// </summary>

/// <typeparam name="T">實體類型</typeparam>

/// <param name="obj">實體對象</param>

public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj)

{

try

{

using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())

{

Type t = obj.GetType();

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());

serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);

sw.Close();

return sw.ToString();

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

throw new Exception("將實體對象轉(zhuǎn)換成XML異常", ex);

}

/// <summary>

/// 將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成實體對象

/// </summary>

/// <typeparam name="T">實體類型</typeparam>

/// <param name="strXML">XML</param>

public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T : class

{

try

{

using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML))

{

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;

}

catch (Exception ex)

{

throw new Exception("將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成實體對象異常", ex);

}

創(chuàng)建用戶信息類，用于示例使用。

/// <summary>

/// 用戶信息類

/// </summary>

public class UserInfo

{

/// <summary>

/// 編號

/// </summary>

public int ID { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 名稱

/// </summary>

public string Name { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 創(chuàng)建時間

/// </summary>

public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }

}

1.1 示例1：將List與XML相互轉(zhuǎn)換

/// <summary>

/// 將List與XML相互轉(zhuǎn)換

/// </summary>

public static void ListToXmlTest()

{

//獲取用戶列表

List<UserInfo> userList = GetUserList();

//將實體對象轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

string xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(userList);

//將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成實體對象

List<UserInfo> deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<List<UserInfo>>(xmlResult);

}

/// <summary>

/// 獲取用戶信息列表

/// </summary>

public static List<UserInfo> GetUserList()

{

List<UserInfo> userList = new List<UserInfo>();

userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 1, Name = "張三", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });

userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "李四", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });

userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "王五" });

return userList;

}

XML結(jié)果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>

</UserInfo>

</UserInfo>

</UserInfo>

</ArrayOfUserInfo>

1.2 示例2：將DataTable與XML相互轉(zhuǎn)換

/// <summary>

/// 將DataTable與XML相互轉(zhuǎn)換

/// </summary>

public static void DataTableToXmlTest()

{

//創(chuàng)建DataTable對象

DataTable dt = CreateDataTable();

//將DataTable轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

string xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(dt);

//將XML轉(zhuǎn)換成DataTable

DataTable deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<DataTable>(xmlResult);

}

/// <summary>

/// 創(chuàng)建DataTable對象

/// </summary>

public static DataTable CreateDataTable()

{

//創(chuàng)建DataTable

DataTable dt = new DataTable("NewDt");

//創(chuàng)建自增長的ID列

DataColumn dc = dt.Columns.Add("ID", Type.GetType("System.Int32"));

dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", Type.GetType("System.String")));

dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("CreateTime", Type.GetType("System.DateTime")));

//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)

DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();

dr["ID"] = 1;

dr["Name"] = "張三";

dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;

dt.Rows.Add(dr);

dr = dt.NewRow();

dr["ID"] = 2;

dr["Name"] = "李四";

dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;

dt.Rows.Add(dr);

dr = dt.NewRow();

dr["ID"] = 3;

dr["Name"] = "王五";

dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;

dt.Rows.Add(dr);

return dt;

}

XML結(jié)果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>

<xs:schema id="NewDataSet" xmlns="" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata">

<xs:element name="NewDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true" msdata:MainDataTable="NewDt" msdata:UseCurrentLocale="true">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">

<xs:element name="NewDt">

<xs:complexType>

<xs:sequence>

<xs:element name="ID" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="Name" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" />

<xs:element name="CreateTime" type="xs:dateTime" minOccurs="0" />

</xs:sequence>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

</xs:choice>

</xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

</xs:schema>

<diffgr:diffgram xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata" xmlns:diffgr="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-diffgram-v1">

</NewDt>

</NewDt>

</NewDt>

</DocumentElement>

</diffgr:diffgram>

</DataTable>

2、序列化常用Attribute講解說明

[XmlRootAttribute("MyCity", Namespace="abc.abc", IsNullable=false)]?????// 當(dāng)該類為Xml根節(jié)點時，以此為根節(jié)點名稱。
public class City

[XmlAttribute("AreaName")]????// 表現(xiàn)為Xml節(jié)點屬性。<... AreaName="..."/>
public string Name

[XmlElementAttribute("AreaId", IsNullable = false)]????// 表現(xiàn)為Xml節(jié)點。<AreaId>...</AreaId>
public string Id

[XmlArrayAttribute("Areas")]????// 表現(xiàn)為Xml層次結(jié)構(gòu)，根為Areas，其所屬的每個該集合節(jié)點元素名為類名。<Areas><Area ... /><Area ... /></Areas>
public Area[] Areas

[XmlElementAttribute("Area", IsNullable = false)]????// 表現(xiàn)為水平結(jié)構(gòu)的Xml節(jié)點。<Area ... /><Area ... />...
public Area[] Areas

[XmlIgnoreAttribute]????// 忽略該元素的序列化。

把這些屬性與model類的相關(guān)屬性，配合使用，就可以自由設(shè)置相關(guān)XML的具體格式了。

綜合示例：將班級信息序列化成XML

示例要求：

（1）每個XML節(jié)點以“My”開頭。

（2）班級ID和學(xué)生ID字段以XML節(jié)點屬性表現(xiàn)，其它字段以XML節(jié)點的形式表現(xiàn)。

（3）由于學(xué)生的郵箱涉及敏感信息，所以不參與序列化。

2.1 創(chuàng)建班級信息類（ClassInfo.cs）

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Xml.Serialization;

/// <summary>

/// 班級信息類

/// </summary>

[XmlRootAttribute("MyClassInfo", Namespace = "ABC_123", IsNullable = false)]

public class ClassInfo

{

/// <summary>

/// 班級ID

/// </summary>

[XmlAttribute("MyClassID")]

public int ClassID { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 班級名稱

/// </summary>

[XmlElementAttribute("MyClassName", IsNullable = false)]

public string ClassName { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 班長人

/// </summary>

[XmlElementAttribute("MyTeacher", IsNullable = false)]

public string Teacher { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 學(xué)生列表

/// </summary>

[XmlArrayAttribute("MyStudents")]

public List<Student> StudentList { get; set; }

}

2.2 創(chuàng)建學(xué)生信息類（Student.cs）

using System.Xml.Serialization;

/// <summary>

/// 學(xué)生信息類

/// </summary>

[XmlRootAttribute("MyStudent", IsNullable = false)]

public class Student

{

/// <summary>

/// 學(xué)生ID

/// </summary>

[XmlAttribute("MyStuID")]

public int StuID { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 學(xué)生名稱

/// </summary>

[XmlElementAttribute("MyStuName", IsNullable = false)]

public string StuName { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 性別

/// </summary>

[XmlElementAttribute("MySex", IsNullable = false)]

public string Sex { get; set; }

/// <summary>

/// 郵箱

/// </summary>

[XmlIgnoreAttribute]

public string Email { get; set; }

}

2.3?將班級信息轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

/// <summary>

/// 將班級信息轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

/// </summary>

public static void ClassInfoToXml()

{

//獲取班級信息

ClassInfo classInfo = GetClassInfo();

//將班級信息轉(zhuǎn)換成XML

string classXml = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(classInfo);

}

/// <summary>

/// 獲取班級信息

/// </summary>

public static ClassInfo GetClassInfo()

{

//創(chuàng)建班級信息

ClassInfo classInfo = new ClassInfo();

classInfo.ClassID = 1;

classInfo.ClassName = "高一（5）班";

classInfo.Teacher = "李老師";

//創(chuàng)建學(xué)生列表

List<Student> studentList = new List<Student>();

studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 1, StuName = "張三", Sex = "男", Email = "zhangsan@mail.com" });

studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 2, StuName = "李四", Sex = "女", Email = "lisi@mail.com" });

studentList.Add(new Student() { StuID = 3, StuName = "王五", Sex = "男", Email = "wangwu@mail.com" });

classInfo.StudentList = studentList;

return classInfo;

}

XML結(jié)果：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>

</Student>

</Student>

</Student>

</MyStudents>

</MyClassInfo>

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