1.創建數據庫

命令語法：create database 注意庫名不能數字開頭

(1)創建linzhongniao庫

mysql> create database linzhongniao;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases like "l%";

+---------------+

| Database (l%) |

+---------------+

| linzhongniao |

+---------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(2)查看建庫語句

可以查看到剛才的建庫語句和數據庫的默認字符集信息

mysql> show create database linzhongniao\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Database: linzhongniao

Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `linzhongniao` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ 默認字符集是latin1，在安裝的時候可以指定字符集

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(3)創建字符集為latin的庫

mysql> create database linzhongniao_latin default character set latin1;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create database linzhongniao_latin\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Database: linzhongniao_latin

Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `linzhongniao_latin` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

(4)創建一個名為linzhongniao_gbk的gbk數據庫

mysql> create database linzhongniao_gbk default character set gbk;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show create database linzhongniao_gbk\G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Database: linzhongniao_gbk

Create Database: CREATE DATABASE `linzhongniao_gbk` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk */

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

總結：創建不同字符集格式的數據庫命令

create database linzhongniao; 默認數據庫配置，相當于創建拉丁字符集數據庫。

create database linzhongniao_gbk DEFAULT CHARACTER SET gbk; 創建gbk字符集數據庫

create database linzhongniao_utf8 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8; 創建utf8字符集數據庫

create database linzhongniao_latin default character set latin1; 創建latin字符集數據庫

提示：

1、字符集的不一致是導致數據庫中文內容亂碼的罪魁禍首，根據開發的環境確定字符集(建議UTF8。

2、如果編譯安裝mysql的時候可以指定特定的字符集，以后創建對應字符集的數據庫就不需要指定了。如下：

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #指定默認字符集

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

3、編譯的時候沒有指定字符集或者指定了和程序不同的字符集，如何解決？

指定字符集創建數據庫即可，數據庫要支持創建庫所需要的字符集，例如

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,asci或

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all

2.查看數據庫信息

命令：show databases;

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| linzhongniao |

| linzhongniao_gbk |

| linzhongniao_latin |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases like '%li%';

+--------------------+

| Database (%li%)|

+--------------------+

| linzhongniao |

| linzhongniao_gbk |

| linzhongniao_latin |

+--------------------+

3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.連接數據庫

命令：use 相當于linux下的cd切換目錄的命令，use是切換數據庫

例如：

mysql> use linzhongniao

Database changed

4.查看當前使用庫

mysql>select database();相當于linux下的pwd

+------------+

| database() |

+------------+

| linzhongniao|

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

5.刪除數據庫

命令：drop database

例如：刪除名為linzhongniao的數據庫

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| linzhongniao |

| linzhongniao_gbk |

| linzhongniao_latin |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop database linzhongniao_latin;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| linzhongniao |

| linzhongniao_gbk |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

不會要經常看幫助

system@ceshi 07:5010->help drop database

Name: 'DROP DATABASE'

Description:

Syntax:

DROP {DATABASE | SCHEMA} [IF EXISTS] db_name

6.查看當前數據庫的版本

mysql> select version();

+------------+

| version() |

+------------+

| 5.5.32-log |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

7.查看當前登錄數據庫的用戶

mysql> select user();

+----------------+

| user() |

+----------------+

| root@localhost |

+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

8.查看當前的時間

mysql>select now();

+---------------------+

| now() |

+---------------------+

| 2018-01-18 20:14:43 |

+---------------------+

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

9.查看當前數據庫包含的表信息

切換到指定庫里面去查看

mysql>show tables;

Empty set (0.00 sec) 空表，新庫還沒有建表

mysql>show tables like 'user';

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>show tables from linzhongniao; 查詢指定數據庫的表

Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql>show tables in linzhongniao;

Empty set (0.00 sec)

10.刪除mysql庫多余賬號

語法：drop user “user”@”主機域”<=注意引號可以是單引號或雙引號，但是不能不加。

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+--------------+

| user | host |

+------+--------------+

| root | 127.0.0.1|

| root | ::1 |

| | linzhongniao |

| root | linzhongniao |

| | localhost|

| root | localhost|

+------+--------------+

6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user ''@'localhost'; 沒有的部分就用兩個單引號代替即可

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+--------------+

| user | host |

+------+--------------+

| root | 127.0.0.1|

| root | ::1 |

| | linzhongniao |

| root | linzhongniao |

| root | localhost|

+------+--------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

注意：如果drop刪除不了(一般是特殊字符或大寫導致的)，可以用下面方式刪除。

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=' ' and host='localhost';

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;

+------+--------------+

| user | host |

+------+--------------+

| root | 127.0.0.1|

| root | ::1 |

| | linzhongniao |

| root | linzhongniao |

| root | localhost|

+------+--------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

總結

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