ORACLE ROLLUP CUBE
?Oracle的GROUP BY語句除了最基本的語法外，還支持ROLLUP和CUBE語句。如果是ROLLUP(A, B, C)的話，首先會對(A、B、C)進行GROUP BY，然后對(A、B)進行GROUP BY，然后是(A)進行GROUP BY，最后對全表進行GROUP BY操作。如果是GROUP BY CUBE(A, B, C)，則首先會對(A、B、C)進行GROUP BY，然后依次是(A、B)，(A、C)，(A)，(B、C)，(B)，(C)，最后對全表進行GROUP BY操作。
如下SQL
select t.*, t.rowid from group_test t;
MANAGER?20?2975?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAA
SALESMAN?30?1250?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAB
MANAGER?30?2850?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAC
MANAGER?10?2450?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAD
ANALYST?20?3000?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAE
PRESIDENT?10?5000?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAF
SALESMAN?30?1500?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAG
CLERK?20?1100?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAH
CLERK?30?950?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAI
ANALYST?20?3000?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAJ
CLERK?10?1300?AAAQMEAAEAAEGk/AAK
CLERK?20?800?AAAQMEAAEAAEGlAAAA
SALESMAN?30?1600?AAAQMEAAEAAEGlAAAB
SALESMAN?30?1250?AAAQMEAAEAAEGlAAAC
select job, deptno, sum(sal) total_sal
? from group_test
?group by rollup(job, deptno);
JOB?????? DEPTNO????? TOTAL_SAL
CLERK?? ?10???????????? 1300
CLERK??? 20???????????? 1900
CLERK??? 30??????????? ?950
CLERK?????????????????? ?4150
ANALYST?20?????????? 6000
ANALYST?????????????? ?6000
MANAGER?10???????? ?2450
MANAGER?20????????? 2975
MANAGER?30??????????2850
MANAGER????????????? ?8275
SALESMAN?30???????? 5600
SALESMAN????????????? 5600
PRESIDENT?10??????? ?5000
PRESIDENT???????????? ?5000
???????????????????????????? 29025
?select job, deptno, sum(sal) total_sal
? from group_test
?group by cube(job, deptno);
| JOB | DEPTNO | TOTAL_SAL |
| ? | ? | 29025 |
| ? | 10 | 8750 |
| ? | 20 | 10875 |
| ? | 30 | 9400 |
| CLERK | ? | 4150 |
| CLERK | 10 | 1300 |
| CLERK | 20 | 1900 |
| CLERK | 30 | 950 |
| ANALYST | ? | 6000 |
| ANALYST | 20 | 6000 |
| MANAGER | ? | 8275 |
| MANAGER | 10 | 2450 |
| MANAGER | 20 | 2975 |
| MANAGER | 30 | 2850 |
| SALESMAN | ? | 5600 |
| SALESMAN | 30 | 5600 |
| PRESIDENT | ? | 5000 |
| PRESIDENT | 10 | 5000 |
select decode(grouping_id(job, deptno), 1, '合計', job || deptno) as group_col,
?????? sum(sal) total_sal
? from group_test
?group by rollup(job, deptno);
| GROUP_COL | TOTAL_SAL |
| CLERK10 | 1300 |
| CLERK20 | 1900 |
| CLERK30 | 950 |
| 合計 | 4150 |
| ANALYST20 | 6000 |
| 合計 | 6000 |
| MANAGER10 | 2450 |
| MANAGER20 | 2975 |
| MANAGER30 | 2850 |
| 合計 | 8275 |
| SALESMAN30 | 5600 |
| 合計 | 5600 |
| PRESIDENT10 | 5000 |
| 合計 | 5000 |
| ? | 29025 |
總結
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