?

TSQL

PL/SQL

?

numeric(p,s)

numeric(p,s) or NUMBER(p,s)

?

decimal(p,s)

decimal(p,s) or NUMBER(p,s)

?

char(m)

Char(m)

?

varchar(m)

varchar2(m)

?

datetime

date

記錄

?

Record

表字段

?

%type

表記錄

?

%rowtype

表

?

Table

自動增長變量

AUTOINCREMENT

?

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

聲明

declare

?@ls_casher char(1),

?@ln_payAmt decimal(14,4)

declare

?on_hand?INTEGER;

?ls_casher char(1);

賦值

select @ls_casher = 'A'

ls_casher:=’A’;

引用

if @ ls_casher = 'A'

…

if ls_casher = 'A' then

…

在SQL語句中賦值

SELECT @ls_casher=sal FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;

SELECT sal INTO ls_casher FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;

在SQL語句中引用

SELECT * FROM emp WHERE sal = @ls_casher;

SELECT * FROM emp WHERE sal = ls_casher;

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

連接

+

||

?

TRIM

LTRIM、RTRIM

?

SUBSTRING

SUBSTR、SUBSTRB

?

?

INSTR、INSTRB

?

right(str,n)

substr(str,-n)

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

系統日期

getdate()

SYSDATE

?

?

?

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

判斷

IS NULL

IS NULL

空值替換

Isnull(para,0)

NVL(para,0)

REPLACE(old_string, NULL, my_string)

?

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

字符->日期

Convert(datetime, expr, style)

To_Date(format, expr)

字符<-日期、數值

Convert(char(n), expr, style)

To_char(expr,format)

數值

?

To_Number()

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

statement block

BEGIN...END

BEGIN...END;

conditional

1)?IF…ELSE…

2)?IF…ELSE IF…else…

3)?CASE

1)IF..then...ELSE…end if;

2)If…then…

?elsif…else…endif

3)decode

Repeat

WHILE Boolean_expression

??? {statement_block}

??? [BREAK]

??? {statement_block}

??? [CONTINUE]

?

1)Loop …exit;…end loop;

2)loop…exit when…end loop;

3)WHILE condition LOOP

?sequence_of_statements;

??EXIT WHEN boolean_expression;

?END LOOP;

3)for…in [reverse]…loop

?…

?end loop;

GOTO

GOTO label

…

label:

…

GOTO label;

…

<<label>>

…

Exits unconditionally

RETURN

Return;

Sets a delay for statement execution

WAITFOR

?

Comment

--

/*…*/

--

/*…*/

PRINT

PRINT string

Set serveroutput on

dbms_output.put_line(string);

RAISERROR

RAISERROR

?

EXECUTE

EXECUTE

?

NULL statement

?

NULL;

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

DECLARE

DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR

[LOCAL | GLOBAL]

[FORWARD_ONLY | SCROLL]

[STATIC | KEYSET | DYNAMIC | FAST_FORWARD]

[READ_ONLY | SCROLL_LOCKS | OPTIMISTIC]

[TYPE_WARNING]

FOR select_statement

[FOR UPDATE [OF column_name [,...n]]]

DECLARE

?? CURSOR cursor_name IS

????? SELECT_statement;

open

Open cursor_name

Open cursor_name;

Fetch

Fetch cursor_name into

?var1,var2…

Fetch cursor_name into

?var1,var2…

||

?%rowtype_var;

Close

Close cursor_name

Close cursor_name;

Attribute

@@FETCH_STATUS

@@CURSOR_ROWS

CURSOR_STATUS

%found

%notfound

%isopen

%rowcount

DEALLOCATE

DEALLOCATE cursor_name

?

隱式cursor

?

Select…into (僅可處理單行記錄)

?

?

?

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

創建

CREATE TRIGGER trigger_name

ON table

[WITH ENCRYPTION]

{FOR {[DELETE][,][INSERT][,] [UPDATE] }

AS

??? sql_statement [...n]

}

?Create or replace trigger t_name

?{before|after}{insert|update|delete}

?on table_name

?[for each row [when conditional]

?…

類型(按觸發級別和時序)

語句

after

行或語句

before or after

訪問數據操縱行的值

通過表Inserted、Deleted訪問

通過記錄?:New、?:Old訪問，僅可用于行級觸發器

謂詞/函數/屬性

Inserting、updating、deleteing

Updating(col)

Update(col)

使能

Alter table tabname?{disable|enable} trigger?{t_name|all}

Alter trigger t_name {disable|enable}

限制

?

作為觸發語句的一部分，不可用事務控制命令

不能聲明和使用LONG、LONG RAW變量和列

刪除

Drop trigger t_name

Drop trigger t_name;

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

創建

CREATE PROCEDURE] p_name

?[ {@parameter data_type} [VARYING] [= default] [OUTPUT] ] [,...n]

[WITH

?{

?? RECOMPILE | ENCRYPTION

?? | RECOMPILE, ENCRYPTION

?}

]

AS

??? sql_statement [...n]

Create or replace procedure p_name

?[Para1 {in|out|inout} datatype[,…]

?[{:=|default} default_value]]

{IS|AS}

…

查詢

?

?

刪除

DROP PROCEDURE p_name

DROP PROCEDURE p_name;

調用

EXEC p_name [para1[,…]]

P_name[(para1[,…])];

參數

按位置傳遞

1)按位置傳遞

2)帶名傳遞

?P_name(para1=>var1);

?

debit_account(amount => 500, acct_id => 10261);

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

系統對象表

Dbo.sysobjects

User_source、User_objects(OBJ)、User_tables(TABS)、User_triggers、ALL_tables、All_View、All_catalog、All_objects

對象腳本

sp_helptext

DESC、ALL_source

用戶表

Sysusers

All_users

表列

?

All_tab_columns

依賴

?

All_dependencies

字典表說明

?

DICT

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

Select

Select @var=<value>

?

Select value into var from dual

?

Insert

insert / insert into

insert into

Delete

?

?

比較

?

Any, some, all

集合

?

Union、Union all、Intersect、Minus、

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

語句執行成功

error

SQLCODE

select?是否有結果

exists

select...into + SQL%FOUND

?

ISQL

SQL PLUS

讀取、執行SQL文件

Isql –Usa –Ppass –Shost –ifile

sqlplus [-s] user/pass@db -@filename

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

TSQL

PL/SQL

鎖

在SQL語句中

Insert…With tablock

Insert…With Tablockx

Select…for update

Select…for readonly

獨立語句

set transcation isolation level to Read uncommited

?

在SQL語句中

select …for update of…;

?

獨立語句

lock table tabname in row share mode;

lock table tabname in share exclusive mode;

?

用戶連接數

?

?

數據庫文件

Device

Tablespace

?

CREATE TABLESPACE testdb DATAFILE 'C:\ORANT\DATABASE\testdb.ORA' SIZE 20M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 2M;

CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RB_TESTDB" TABLESPACE "TESTDB";

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT "RB_TESTDB" ONLINE;

?

顯示DML執行計劃

Show plan

Explain plan

保留點

¨?????????Save transcation Sp_name

¨?????????ROLLBACK TRANSACTION percentchanged

¨?????????Savepoint Sp_name

¨?????????Rollback to savepoint sp_name

對模式對象改名

Rename

?

分析對象

Analyze

Sp_help?

?

?

?