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發(fā)布時間：2023/12/10 编程问答 18 豆豆

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[oracle@aa ~]$ rlwrap? sqlplus???????????????????? <----登錄oracle??????

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Fri Jun 10 18:44:06 2011

Enter user-name: scott?????? <-----用戶名
Enter password:????????????? <-----密碼

Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options

[oracle@aa db_1]$ vim? /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql
define _editor=vi????? 用pl/sql的時候ed編輯
set serveroutput on?? 用pl/sql的時候顯示結果

select的語法
SELECT??? *|{[DISTINCT] column|expression [alias],...}
FROM????? table
[WHERE??? condition(s)]
[ORDER BY {column, expr, alias} [ASC|DESC]];

SQL> set linesize 200?????????? <-----修改每行的長度

SQL> select ename,sal,comm from emp;

ENAME???????????? SAL?????? COMM
---------- ---------- ----------
SMITH???????????? 800
ALLEN??????????? 1600??????? 300
WARD???????????? 1250??????? 500
JONES??????????? 2975
MARTIN?????????? 1250?????? 1400
BLAKE??????????? 2850?????????????? <---- 空值，不是0，未知或者無效的值???????????????
CLARK??????????? 2450
SCOTT??????????? 3000
KING???????????? 5000
TURNER?????????? 1500????????? 0
ADAMS??????????? 1100

ENAME???????????? SAL?????? COMM
---------- ---------- ----------
JAMES???????????? 950
FORD???????????? 3000
MILLER?????????? 1300

14 rows selected.

SQL> select ename,sal,sal*comm from emp;??? <----有空值在的表達式都是空值

ENAME???????????? SAL?? SAL*COMM
---------- ---------- ----------
SMITH???????????? 800
ALLEN??????????? 1600???? 480000
WARD???????????? 1250???? 625000
JONES??????????? 2975
MARTIN?????????? 1250??? 1750000
BLAKE??????????? 2850
CLARK??????????? 2450
SCOTT??????????? 3000
KING???????????? 5000
TURNER?????????? 1500????????? 0
ADAMS??????????? 1100

ENAME???????????? SAL?? SAL*COMM
---------- ---------- ----------
JAMES???????????? 950
FORD???????????? 3000
MILLER?????????? 1300

14 rows selected.

SQL> select ename||sal as "employees's salary" from emp;?? <---"??? "保持雙引號的大小寫和空格

employees's salary
--------------------------------------------------
SMITH800
ALLEN1600
WARD1250
JONES2975
MARTIN1250
BLAKE2850
CLARK2450
SCOTT3000
KING5000
TURNER1500
ADAMS1100

employees's salary
--------------------------------------------------
JAMES950
FORD3000
MILLER1300

14 rows selected.

SQL> select ename||' is a '||job as "Employes Details" from emp;?? <-- ' is a ' 必須用單引號，字符串和日期只能用單引號括起來

Employes Details
-------------------------
SMITH is a CLERK
ALLEN is a SALESMAN
WARD is a SALESMAN
JONES is a MANAGER
MARTIN is a SALESMAN
BLAKE is a MANAGER
CLARK is a MANAGER
SCOTT is a ANALYST
KING is a PRESIDENT
TURNER is a SALESMAN
ADAMS is a CLERK

Employes Details
-------------------------
JAMES is a CLERK
FORD is a ANALYST
MILLER is a CLERK

14 rows selected.

SQL> select distinct deptno from emp;?? <----distinct是關鍵字，去重復的行（在語法的解釋里，關鍵字是大寫的。）

??? DEPTNO
----------
??????? 30
??????? 20
??????? 10

字符和日期
字符和日期要包含在單引號中。
字符大小寫敏感，日期格式敏感。
默認的日期格式是 DD-MON-RR。

?
SQL> select ename,mgr from emp where mgr is null;?????????????????? <---找出MGR是空值的人，null不能比較

ENAME???????????? MGR
---------- ----------
KING

SQL> select ename,sal,deptno from emp? where deptno=10? order by sal desc;?? <---從多到少??? asc 升序，可以不寫? desc? 降序

ENAME???????????? SAL???? DEPTNO
---------- ---------- ----------
KING???????????? 5000???????? 10
CLARK??????????? 2450???????? 10
MILLER?????????? 1300???????? 10

SQL> select deptno,trim(1 from deptno) from emp where deptno=10;

??? DEPTNO TRIM(1FROMDEPTNO)
---------- ----------------------------------------
??????? 10 0
??????? 10 0
??????? 10 0

SQL> select job,trim('C' from job) from emp where job='CLERK';

JOB?????? TRIM('C'F
--------- ---------
CLERK???? LERK
CLERK???? LERK
CLERK???? LERK
CLERK???? LERK

＊＊＊＊＊?? 只能去除首尾的字母？

SQL> select round(46.937,2),round(46.937,1),round(46.937,0),round(46.937,-1) from dual;?? dual是一個偽表，用來測試函數(shù)和表達式

ROUND(46.937,2) ROUND(46.937,1) ROUND(46.937,0) ROUND(46.937,-1)
--------------- --------------- --------------- ----------------
????????? 46.94??????????? 46.9????????????? 47?????????????? 50

==================================================================================================================================================================================
? 遠程登錄。
180------100
客戶端????????? 服務端

服務端必須有一個帳戶，并且有連接的權限，開了監(jiān)聽
客戶端配置了監(jiān)聽

sqlplus ly/ly@o100

==================================================================================================================================================================================

轉載于:https://blog.51cto.com/linuxart/844108

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