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Objective-C ,ios,iphone开发基础:NSDictionary(字典) 和 NSMutableDictionary

發布時間：2025/7/14 编程问答 28 豆豆

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NSDictionary（字典），NSDictionary類似于 .net中的parameter,l類似于java中的map。

通過唯一的key找到對應的值，一個key只能對應一個只，而多個key可以對應同一個值。NSDictionary 在初始化之后，就不可以再進行修改。

使用類方法創建NSDictionary對象。

初始化一個NSDictionary對象。使用+ (id)dictionaryWithObject:(id)object forKey:(id)key;

NSDictionary* dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@"values1" forKey:@"key1"]; NSLog(@"%@",dic);
//結果

2013-08-26 19:13:29.274 Nsdictonary[288:707] {
key1 = values1;
}

初始化一個NSDictionary對象。使用+ (id)dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)firstObject, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;

NSDictionary* dic = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"values1",@"key1"@"values2",@"key2"@"values3",@"key3" ,nil];NSLog(@"%@",dic);、 //結果

初始化一個NSDictionary對象。使用+ (id)dictionaryWithObjects:(NSArray *)objects forKeys:(NSArray *)keys;

2013-08-26 19:30:34.286 Nsdictonary[345:707] {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}

使用實例方法創建NSDictionary

創建一個空的字典：

NSDictionary* dic = [[NSDictionary alloc]init];NSLog(@"%@",dic);
[dic release];

通過兩個數組創建字典對象。

通過一個字典來創建一個新的字典。

計算一個字典中有多少個鍵值對：

2013-08-26 19:44:54.809 Nsdictonary[439:707] count :3
2013-08-26 19:44:54.817 Nsdictonary[439:707] {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}

通過健來去對應的值：

NSObject* obj = [dic objectForKey:@"key1"]; NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSDictionary* dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSDictionary* dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSObject* obj = [dic objectForKey:@"key1"];NSLog(@"key1 = %@",obj);
結果：
2013-08-26 19:47:24.175 Nsdictonary[453:707] key1 = values1

將字典寫入文件中： [dic writeToFile:path atomically:YES];

NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSDictionary* dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSDictionary* dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSString* path =@"/Users/administrator/Desktop/test.xml";NSLog(@"dic:%@",dic);[dic writeToFile:path atomically:YES];NSDictionary* dicTest = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:path];NSLog(@"dicTest: %@",dicTest);

結果：

2013-08-26 19:55:31.276 Nsdictonary[500:707] dic:{
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 19:55:31.294 Nsdictonary[500:707] dicTest: {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}

返回所有的keys：

NSArray* retKeys = [dic allKeys];： NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSDictionary* dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSDictionary* dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSArray* retKeys = [dic allKeys];NSLog(@"all keys :%@",retKeys);

結果：

2013-08-26 19:58:48.871 Nsdictonary[515:707] all keys :(
key1,
key3,
key2
)

返回所有的值：allvalues

NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSDictionary* dic2 = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSDictionary* dic = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSArray* retValues = [dic allValues];NSLog(@"all keys :%@",retValues);

結果：

2013-08-26 19:59:57.768 Nsdictonary[532:707] all keys :(
values1,
values3,
values2
)

NSMutableDictionary ?創建插入刪除

創建一個

NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);
結果：

2013-08-26 20:11:56.388 Nsdictonary[634:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}

插入一個新的健值對：

[dic setObject:@"values4" forKey:@"key4"]; NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);[dic setObject:@"values4" forKey:@"key4"];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);
結果：

2013-08-26 20:15:36.330 Nsdictonary[680:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:15:36.338 Nsdictonary[680:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
key4 = values4;
}

移除一個健值對：

[dic removeObjectForKey:@"key1"]; NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);[dic removeObjectForKey:@"key1"];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);
結果：

2013-08-26 20:17:33.980 Nsdictonary[695:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:17:34.013 Nsdictonary[695:707] dic : {
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}

移除所有健值對：

removeAllObjects NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);[dic removeAllObjects];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);
結果：

2013-08-26 20:18:38.027 Nsdictonary[711:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:18:38.036 Nsdictonary[711:707] dic : {
}

遍歷字典： for(id objects in dic)

2013-08-26 20:24:00.303 Nsdictonary[757:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:24:00.353 Nsdictonary[757:707] key1 = values1
2013-08-26 20:24:00.362 Nsdictonary[757:707] key3 = values3
2013-08-26 20:24:00.371 Nsdictonary[757:707] key2 = values2

迭代器遍歷字典：

NSEnumerator* em = [dic keyEnumerator]; NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);NSEnumerator* em = [dic keyEnumerator];id key =nil;while(key = [em nextObject]){NSObject* obj = [dic objectForKey:key];NSLog(@"%@ = %@",key,obj);}
結果：

2013-08-26 20:28:23.753 Nsdictonary[771:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:28:23.871 Nsdictonary[771:707] key1 = values1
2013-08-26 20:28:23.873 Nsdictonary[771:707] key3 = values3
2013-08-26 20:28:23.879 Nsdictonary[771:707] key2 = values2

block遍歷字典：

[dic enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {NSLog(@"%@ = %@",key,obj);}]; NSArray* values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"values1",@"values2",@"values3", nil];NSArray* keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"key1",@"key2",@"key3", nil];NSMutableDictionary* dic2 = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:values forKeys:keys];NSMutableDictionary* dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:dic2];NSLog(@"dic : %@",dic);[dic enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id key, id obj, BOOL *stop) {NSLog(@"%@ = %@",key,obj);}];
結果：

2013-08-26 20:32:09.894 Nsdictonary[789:707] dic : {
key1 = values1;
key2 = values2;
key3 = values3;
}
2013-08-26 20:32:09.906 Nsdictonary[789:707] key1 = values1
2013-08-26 20:32:09.913 Nsdictonary[789:707] key3 = values3
2013-08-26 20:32:09.917 Nsdictonary[789:707] key2 = values2

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wsq724439564/p/3283614.html

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