Mycat數據庫讀寫分離

環境：

客戶端1.13↓mycat中間件1.11↙ ↘ master主機1.12 slave主機1.10

一、master主機（1.12）配置

兩臺主機必須時間同步，可以部署ntp服務
步驟：
①配置my.cnf
[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] ... server_id = 1 log_bin = mysql-bin

[root@192 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
②配置復制用戶以及root用戶權限
[root@192 ~]# mysql
mysql> grant replication slave on . to 'myslave'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123.com';
mysql> grant all on . to 'root'@'%' identified by '123.com';
mysql> flush privileges ;
mysql> show master status ;

FilePositionBinlog_Do_DBBinlog_Ignore_DBExecuted_Gtid_Set

mysql-bin.000001	1334

二、slave主機（1.10）配置

步驟：
①配置my.cnf
[root@192 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] ... server_id = 2 relay-log = relay-log-bin relay-log-index = slave-relay-bin.index

[root@192 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
②配置同步以及root權限
[root@192 ~]# mysql
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.12',master_user='myslave',master_password='123.com',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=1334;
mysql> start slave ;
mysql> show slave statusG;
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
....
mysql> grant all on . to root@'%' identified by '123.com';
mysql> flush privileges;
③回到master主機創建test庫
mysql> create database test;

三、mycat主機（1.11）配置

步驟：
①安裝jdk
選擇與操作系統位數匹配的版本
[root@192 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@192 ~]# tar xf jdk-7u65-linux-x64.gz -C /usr/src
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@192 src]# mv jdk1.7.0_65/ /usr/local/java
②安裝mycat
[root@192 src]# wget http://dl.mycat.io/1.6-RELEAS...
[root@192 ~]# tar zxf Mycat-server-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710-linux.tar.gz -C /usr/src
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/src
[root@192 src]# mv mycat/ /usr/local/
③加載環境變量
[root@192 ~]# vi /etc/profile

..... export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/java/bin export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java export MYCAT_HOME=/usr/local/mycat export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mycat/bin

[root@192 ~]# source /etc/profile
④配置server.xml
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/mycat/conf/
[root@192 conf]# vim server.xml

...... <user name="root"><property name="password">123.com</property><property name="schemas">test</property><!-- 表級 DML 權限設置 --><!-- <privileges check="false"><schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" ><table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table><table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table></schema></privileges> --></user><user name="user"><property name="password">user</property><property name="schemas">test</property><property name="readOnly">true</property></user></mycat:server>

⑤配置schema.xml
[root@192 conf]# vim schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd"> <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/"><schema name="test" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1"></schema><dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="host01" database="test" /><dataHost name="host01" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"><heartbeat>show slave status</heartbeat><writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.1.12:3306" user="root" password="123.com"><readHost host="hostS1" url="192.168.1.10:3306" user="root" password="123.com"/></writeHost></dataHost> </mycat:schema>

⑥配置wrapper.conf
[root@192 conf]# vim wrapper.conf

wrapper.java.command=/usr/local/java/bin/java

⑦啟動mycat服務器
[root@192 logs]# mycat start
[root@192 logs]# tailf wrapper.log #觀察啟動日志，便于排錯
[root@192 logs]# ss -anpt | grep java
LISTEN 0 1 127.0.0.1:32000 : users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=4))
LISTEN 0 50 :::50632 :::* users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=51))
LISTEN 0 100 :::9066 :::* users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=69))
LISTEN 0 50 :::33782 :::* users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=53))
LISTEN 0 50 :::1984 :::* users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=52))
LISTEN 0 100 :::8066 :::* users:(("java",pid=40133,fd=73))

四、客戶端（1.13）驗證讀寫分離

步驟：
①登錄到連接端口
[root@192 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.1.11 -P 8066 -uroot -p123.com

mysql> show databases;

DATABASE

test

1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> create table tb (id int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into tb values (1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from tb;

id

1

1 row in set (0.02 sec)
②登錄管理端口
[root@192 ~]# mysql -P9066 -uroot -p123.com -h 192.168.1.11
mysql> show @@datasource ;

DATANODENAMETYPEHOSTPORTW/RACTIVEIDLESIZEEXECUTEREAD_LOADWRITE_LOAD

dn1	hostM1	mysql	192.168.1.12	3306	W	0	10	1000	49	0	2
dn1	hostS1	mysql	192.168.1.10	3306	R	0	6	1000	44	2	0

從管理端口觀察兩主機負載變化，發現READ_LOAD在hostS1為2， WRITE_LOAD在hostM1為2，說明讀寫分離已經實現

---

Mycat簡單實踐分庫分表

參考：
https://segmentfault.com/a/11...
https://blog.csdn.net/kk18580...
環境：

客戶端↓mycat中間件(1.11)↓主數據庫(1.12)

一、主數據庫配置(1.12)

步驟：
①在主數據庫創建庫表
mysql>create?database?db01;??
mysql>create?database?db02;??
mysql>create?database?db03;??
??
mysql>CREATE?TABLE?users?(??
????id?INT?NOT?NULL?AUTO_INCREMENT,??
????name?varchar(50)?NOT?NULL?default?'',???
????PRIMARY?KEY?(id)??
)AUTO_INCREMENT=?1?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8;??
??
mysql>CREATE?TABLE?item?(??
????id?INT?NOT?NULL?AUTO_INCREMENT,??
????value?INT?NOT?NULL?default?0,???
????PRIMARY?KEY?(id)??
)AUTO_INCREMENT=?1?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8;??
??
mysql>CREATE?TABLE?item_detail?(??
????id?INT?NOT?NULL?AUTO_INCREMENT,??
????value?INT?NOT?NULL?default?0,??
????name?varchar(50)?NOT?NULL?default?'',??
????item_id?INT?NOT?NULL,??
????PRIMARY?KEY?(id),??
????key?(item_id)??
)AUTO_INCREMENT=?1?ENGINE=InnoDB?DEFAULT?CHARSET=utf8;

三張表各在三個庫，一共九表三庫

②分配root網段
mysql>grant all on . to root@’%’ identified by ‘123.com’;
③關閉防火墻或開啟端口
[root@192 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

二、mycat中間件配置(1.11)

部署前安裝略

步驟：
①配置server.xml
[root@192 ~]# cd /usr/local/mycat/conf/
[root@192 conf]# vim server.xml

...... <user name="root"><property name="password">123.com</property><property name="schemas">TESTDB</property><!-- 表級 DML 權限設置 --><!-- <privileges check="false"><schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" ><table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table><table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table></schema></privileges> --></user><user name="user"><property name="password">user</property><property name="schemas">TESTDB</property><property name="readOnly">true</property></user></mycat:server>

②配置schema.xml
[root@192 conf]# vim schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd"> <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/"><schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100"><table name="users" primaryKey="id" type="global" dataNode="node_db01" /><table name="item" primaryKey="id" dataNode="node_db02,node_db03" rule="mod-long"><childTable name="item_detail" primaryKey="id" joinKey="item_id" parentKey="id" /></table></schema><dataNode name="node_db01" dataHost="dataHost01" database="db01" /><dataNode name="node_db02" dataHost="dataHost01" database="db02" /><dataNode name="node_db03" dataHost="dataHost01" database="db03" /><dataHost name="dataHost01" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"><heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat><writeHost host="server1" url="192.168.1.12:3306" user="root"password="123.com"/></dataHost> </mycat:schema>

③配置rule.xml，默認為分三片，需要修改

....... <tableRule name="mod-long"><rule><columns>id</columns><algorithm>mod-long</algorithm></rule></tableRule> ........ <function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod"><!-- how many data nodes --><property name="count">2</property></function>

④配置wrapper.xml
[root@192 conf]# vim wrapper.conf

wrapper.java.command=/usr/local/java/bin/java wrapper.working.dir=..

⑤關閉防火墻或開啟端口
[root@192 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
⑥啟動mycat
[root@192 conf]# mycat console
[root@192 ~]# ss -anpt | grep java
LISTEN 0 100 :::9066 :::* users:(("java",pid=39691,fd=69))
LISTEN 0 50 :::1984 :::* users:(("java",pid=39691,fd=52))
LISTEN 0 100 :::8066 :::* users:(("java",pid=39691,fd=73))
LISTEN 0 50 :::58818 :::* users:(("java",pid=39691,fd=53))
LISTEN 0 50 :::46407 :::* users:(("java",pid=39691,fd=51))

三、驗證

步驟：
①從客戶端登入并且插入數據
[root@192 ~]# mysql -h 192.168.1.11 -P8066 -DTESTDB -uroot -p123.com
mysql>?show?databases;??

??

DATABASE

TESTDB

mysql>use TESTDB
mysql>?show?tables;

Tables in TESTDB

item

item_detail

users

mysql>insert into users(name) values('haha');
mysql>insert into item(id,value) values (1,10);
mysql>insert into item(id,value) values (2,20);
mysql>insert into item_detail(id,value,name,item_id) values(1,10,'wu',1); #列出全列名，否則報錯
mysql>insert into item_detail(id,value,name,item_id) values(2,20,'kk',2);
mysql>insert into item_detail(id,value,name,item_id) values(3,30,'kk',55);
mysql>insert into item_detail(id,value,name,item_id) values(4,40,'kk',66);
mysql> select * from users;

idname

1	haha

mysql> select * from item;

idvalue

2	20
1	10

mysql> select * from item_detail;

idvaluenameitem_id

1	10	wu	1
3	30	kk	55
2	20	kk	2
4	40	kk	66

②登錄主數據庫查看數據表存儲位置
[root@192 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123.com
mysql> select * from db01.users;

idname

1	haha

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from db02.users;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from db03.users;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from db01.item_detail;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from db02.item;

idvalue

2	20

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from db03.item;

idvalue

1	10

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from db01.item_detail;
Empty set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from db02.item_detail;

idvaluenameitem_id

2	20	kk	2
4	40	kk	66

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from db03.item_detail;

idvaluenameitem_id

1	10	wu	1
3	30	kk	55

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

通過使用mycat的hash分片規則，在主數據數據均衡存儲，users定義在db01庫，item與item_detail分布在db02，db03庫，驗證成功

總結

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