效果圖~新鮮出爐

• 開始界面
  
• 游戲中
  
• 結束界面
  

一、pygame模塊概覽

模塊名稱功能

pygame.cdrom	訪問光驅
pygame.cursors	加載光標
pygame.display	訪問顯示設備
pygame.draw	繪制形狀、線和點
pygame.event	管理事件
pygame.font	使用字體
pygame.image	加載和存儲圖片
pygame.joystick	使用游戲手柄或類似的東西
pygame.key	讀取鍵盤按鍵
pygame.mixer	聲音
pygame.mouse	鼠標
pygame.movie	播放視頻
pygame.music	播放音頻
pygame.overlay	訪問高級視頻疊加
pygame	目前學習的
pygame.rect	管理矩形區域
pygame.sndarray	操作聲音數據
pygame.sprite	操作移動圖像
pygame.surface	管理圖像和屏幕
pygame.surfarray	管理點陣圖像數據
pygame.time	管理時間和幀信息
pygame.transform	縮放和移動圖像

二、核心代碼

思路

首頁面：會涉及圖片和文字提示的顯示，進入（任意鍵）或退出（ESC）游戲；

游戲頁面：主要涉及食物的創建繪制，蛇的移動和顯示，蛇是否吃到食物或者是否撞到邊界或自身，再者就是音效的實現（背景音樂+gameover音效）；

結束頁面：會涉及圖片和文字提示的顯示，重來（任意鍵）或退出（ESC）游戲。

核心代碼

• 主函數

def main():pygame.init()# 創建Pygame時鐘對象,控制每個循環多長時間運行一次。# 例如：snake_speed_clock(60)代表每秒內循環要運行的 60 次# 每秒60個循環（或幀）時，每個循環需要1000/60=16.66ms（大約17ms）如果循環中的代碼運行時間超過17ms，# 在clock指出下一次循環時當前循環將無法完成。snake_speed_clock = pygame.time.Clock()screen = pygame.display.set_mode((windows_width, windows_height))screen.fill(white)pygame.display.set_caption("貪吃蛇~")show_start_info(screen)while True:music()running_game(screen, snake_speed_clock)show_end_info(screen)

• 游戲運行代碼

def running_game(screen,snake_speed_clock):start_x = random.randint(3, map_width - 8) #開始位置start_y = random.randint(3, map_height - 8)snake_coords = [{'x': start_x, 'y': start_y}, #初始貪吃蛇{'x': start_x - 1, 'y': start_y},{'x': start_x - 2, 'y': start_y}]direction = RIGHT # 開始時向右移動food = get_random_location() #實物隨機位置while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:terminate()elif event.type == KEYDOWN:if (event.key == K_LEFT or event.key == K_a) and direction != RIGHT:direction = LEFTelif (event.key == K_RIGHT or event.key == K_d) and direction != LEFT:direction = RIGHTelif (event.key == K_UP or event.key == K_w) and direction != DOWN:direction = UPelif (event.key == K_DOWN or event.key == K_s) and direction != UP:direction = DOWNelif event.key == K_ESCAPE:terminate()move_snake(direction, snake_coords) #移動蛇ret = snake_is_alive(snake_coords)if not ret:gameover_music()break #蛇死了. 游戲結束snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food) #判斷蛇是否吃到食物screen.fill(BG_COLOR)draw_snake(screen, snake_coords)draw_food(screen, food)show_score(screen, len(snake_coords) - 3)pygame.display.update()snake_speed_clock.tick(snake_speed) #控制fps

• 食物繪制

def draw_food(screen, food):x = food['x'] * cell_sizey = food['y'] * cell_sizeappleRect = pygame.Rect(x, y, cell_size, cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, red, appleRect)

• 貪吃蛇繪制

def draw_snake(screen, snake_coords):for coord in snake_coords:x = coord['x'] * cell_sizey = coord['y'] * cell_sizewormSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x,y,cell_size,cell_size)pygame.draw.rect(screen, dark_blue, wormSegmentRect)wormInnerSegmentRect = pygame.Rect(x+4,y+4,cell_size - 8, cell_size - 8)pygame.draw.rect(screen, blue, wormInnerSegmentRect)

• 移動貪吃蛇

def move_snake(direction, snake_coords):if direction == UP:newHead = {'x':snake_coords[HEAD]['x'], 'y':snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] - 1}elif direction == DOWN:newHead = {'x':snake_coords[HEAD]['x'], 'y':snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] + 1}elif direction == LEFT:newHead = {'x':snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] - 1, 'y':snake_coords[HEAD]['y']}elif direction == RIGHT:newHead = {'x':snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] + 1, 'y':snake_coords[HEAD]['y']}snake_coords.insert(0, newHead)

• 判斷蛇死沒有死

def snake_is_alive(snake_coords):tag = True# 頭坐標超出地圖范圍if(snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == -1 \or snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == map_width \or snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == -1 \or snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == map_height):tag = False# 頭坐標等于身體某節坐標for snake_body in snake_coords[1:]:if snake_body['x'] == snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] and snake_body['y'] == snake_coords[HEAD]['y']:tag = Falsereturn tag

• 判斷蛇是否吃到食物

def snake_is_eat_food(snake_coords, food):if(snake_coords[HEAD]['x'] == food['x'] and snake_coords[HEAD]['y'] == food['y']):## 重新生成食物food['x'] = random.randint(0, map_width - 1)food['y'] = random.randint(0, map_height - 1)else:# 如果沒有吃到實物, 就向前移動, 那么尾部一格刪掉del snake_coords[-1]

• 隨機生成食物

def get_random_location():return {'x':random.randint(0, map_width - 1),'y':random.randint(0, map_height - 1)}

• 開始信息顯示

def show_start_info(screen):# 創建Font字體對象，使用render方法寫字font = pygame.font.Font("simsun.ttc", 40)tip = font.render('按任意鍵開始游戲', True,(65,105,255))# 加載圖片gamestart = pygame.image.load('startlogo.jpg').convert()# 通過blit方法輸出在屏幕上screen.blit(gamestart,(140, 30))screen.blit(tip,(240, 550))## 刷新屏幕pygame.display.update()while True: # 監聽鍵盤for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:terminate()elif event.type == KEYDOWN: # 任意鍵按下returnif (event.key == K_ESCAPE): # 若為ESC，則終止程序terminate()else:return

• 聲音設置

def music():pygame.mixer.init()pygame.mixer.music.load('111.mp3')pygame.mixer.music.play(1, 0)def gameover_music():pygame.mixer.init()pygame.mixer.music.load('gameover.mp3')pygame.mixer.music.play(1,0)

• 結束信息顯示

def show_end_info(screen):font = pygame.font.Font("simsun.ttc", 40)tip = font.render("按ESC退出游戲，按任意鍵重新開始游戲",True,(65,105,255))# gamestart = pygame.image.load('gameover.png')# screen.blit(gamestart,(60, 0))screen.blit(tip,(80, 300))pygame.display.update()while True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == QUIT:terminate()elif event.type == KEYDOWN:if event.key == K_ESCAPE:terminate()else:return

• 成績信息顯示

def show_score(screen, score):font = pygame.font.Font("simsun.ttc", 30)scoreSurf = font.render("得分：%s" % score, True, green)scoreRect = scoreSurf.get_rect()scoreRect.topleft = (windows_width - 120, 10)screen.blit(scoreSurf,scoreRect)

• 程序終止

def terminate():pygame.quit()sys.exit()

總結

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