最近需要做些接口服務(wù)，服務(wù)協(xié)議定為JSON，為了整合在Spring中，一開(kāi)始確實(shí)費(fèi)了很大的勁，經(jīng)朋友提醒才發(fā)現(xiàn)，SpringMVC已經(jīng)強(qiáng)悍到如此地步，佩服！

?相關(guān)參考：?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(一) 構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單Web應(yīng)用?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(二) 控制層梳理?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(三) 表單頁(yè)面處理?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(四) 持久層淺析?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(五) 業(yè)務(wù)層事務(wù)處理?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(六) 測(cè)試?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(七) 補(bǔ)遺——@ResponseBody，@RequestBody，@PathVariable?Spring 注解學(xué)習(xí)手札(八) 補(bǔ)遺——@ExceptionHandler?
SpringMVC層跟JSon結(jié)合，幾乎不需要做什么配置，代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)也相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)潔。再也不用為了組裝協(xié)議而勞煩辛苦了！?一、Spring注解@ResponseBody，@RequestBody和HttpMessageConverter?
Spring 3.X系列增加了新注解@ResponseBody，@RequestBody?

• @RequestBody?將HTTP請(qǐng)求正文轉(zhuǎn)換為適合的HttpMessageConverter對(duì)象。
• @ResponseBody?將內(nèi)容或?qū)ο笞鳛?HTTP 響應(yīng)正文返回，并調(diào)用適合HttpMessageConverter的Adapter轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)象，寫(xiě)入輸出流。

HttpMessageConverter接口，需要開(kāi)啟<mvc:annotation-driven? />。?AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter將會(huì)初始化7個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換器，可以通過(guò)調(diào)用AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的getMessageConverts()方法來(lái)獲取轉(zhuǎn)換器的一個(gè)集合 List<HttpMessageConverter>?

引用 ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter?
StringHttpMessageConverter?
ResourceHttpMessageConverter?
SourceHttpMessageConverter?
XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter?
Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter?
MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter

可以理解為，只要有對(duì)應(yīng)協(xié)議的解析器，你就可以通過(guò)幾行配置，幾個(gè)注解完成協(xié)議——對(duì)象的轉(zhuǎn)換工作！

?
PS:Spring默認(rèn)的json協(xié)議解析由Jackson完成。?二、servlet.xml配置?
Spring的配置文件，簡(jiǎn)潔到了極致，對(duì)于當(dāng)前這個(gè)需求只需要三行核心配置：? Xml代碼??

<context:component-scan?base-package="org.zlex.json.controller"?/>??

<context:annotation-config?/>??

<mvc:annotation-driven?/>??

三、pom.xml配置?
閑言少敘，先說(shuō)依賴配置，這里以Json+Spring為參考：?pom.xml?

Xml代碼??

<dependency>??

????????<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>??

????????<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>??

????????<version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>??

????????<type>jar</type>??

????????<scope>compile</scope>??

????</dependency>??

????<dependency>??

????????<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>??

????????<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>??

????????<version>1.9.8</version>??

????????<type>jar</type>??

????????<scope>compile</scope>??

????</dependency>??

????<dependency>??

????????<groupId>log4j</groupId>??

????????<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>??

????????<version>1.2.17</version>??

????????<scope>compile</scope>??

????</dependency>??

主要需要spring-webmvc、jackson-mapper-asl兩個(gè)包，其余依賴包Maven會(huì)幫你完成。至于log4j，我還是需要看日志嘛。

?
包依賴圖：?
至于版本，看項(xiàng)目需要吧！?四、代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)?
域?qū)ο?#xff1a;? Java代碼??

public?class?Person?implements?Serializable?{??

??

????private?int?id;??

????private?String?name;??

????private?boolean?status;??

??

????public?Person()?{??

????????//?do?nothing??

????}??

}??

這里需要一個(gè)空構(gòu)造，由Spring轉(zhuǎn)換對(duì)象時(shí)，進(jìn)行初始化。

?@ResponseBody，@RequestBody，@PathVariable?
控制器：? Java代碼??

@Controller??

public?class?PersonController?{??

??

????/**?

?????*?查詢個(gè)人信息?

?????*??

?????*?@param?id?

?????*?@return?

?????*/??

????@RequestMapping(value?=?"/person/profile/{id}/{name}/{status}",?method?=?RequestMethod.GET)??

????public?@ResponseBody??

????Person?porfile(@PathVariable?int?id,?@PathVariable?String?name,??

????????????@PathVariable?boolean?status)?{??

????????return?new?Person(id,?name,?status);??

????}??

??

????/**?

?????*?登錄?

?????*??

?????*?@param?person?

?????*?@return?

?????*/??

????@RequestMapping(value?=?"/person/login",?method?=?RequestMethod.POST)??

????public?@ResponseBody??

????Person?login(@RequestBody?Person?person)?{??

????????return?person;??

????}??

}??

備注：@RequestMapping(value = "/person/profile/{id}/{name}/{status}", method = RequestMethod.GET)中的{id}/{name}/{status}與@PathVariable int id, @PathVariable String name,@PathVariable boolean status一一對(duì)應(yīng)，按名匹配。

?這是restful式風(fēng)格。?
如果映射名稱有所不一，可以參考如下方式：? Java代碼??

@RequestMapping(value?=?"/person/profile/{id}",?method?=?RequestMethod.GET)??

public?@ResponseBody??

Person?porfile(@PathVariable("id")?int?uid)?{??

????return?new?Person(uid,?name,?status);??

}??

• GET模式下，這里使用了@PathVariable綁定輸入?yún)?shù)，非常適合Restful風(fēng)格。因?yàn)殡[藏了參數(shù)與路徑的關(guān)系，可以提升網(wǎng)站的安全性，靜態(tài)化頁(yè)面，降低惡意攻擊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
• POST模式下，使用@RequestBody綁定請(qǐng)求對(duì)象，Spring會(huì)幫你進(jìn)行協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換，將Json、Xml協(xié)議轉(zhuǎn)換成你需要的對(duì)象。
• @ResponseBody可以標(biāo)注任何對(duì)象，由Srping完成對(duì)象——協(xié)議的轉(zhuǎn)換。

做個(gè)頁(yè)面測(cè)試下：?JS?

Js代碼??

$(document).ready(function()?{??

????$("#profile").click(function()?{??

????????profile();??

????});??

????$("#login").click(function()?{??

????????login();??

????});??

});??

function?profile()?{??

????var?url?=?'http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/profile/';??

????var?query?=?$('#id').val()?+?'/'?+?$('#name').val()?+?'/'??

????????????+?$('#status').val();??

????url?+=?query;??

????alert(url);??

????$.get(url,?function(data)?{??

????????alert("id:?"?+?data.id?+?"\nname:?"?+?data.name?+?"\nstatus:?"??

????????????????+?data.status);??

????});??

}??

function?login()?{??

????var?mydata?=?'{"name":"'?+?$('#name').val()?+?'","id":"'??

????????????+?$('#id').val()?+?'","status":"'?+?$('#status').val()?+?'"}';??

????alert(mydata);??

????$.ajax({??

????????type?:?'POST',??

????????contentType?:?'application/json',??

????????url?:?'http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/login',??

????????processData?:?false,??

????????dataType?:?'json',??

????????data?:?mydata,??

????????success?:?function(data)?{??

????????????alert("id:?"?+?data.id?+?"\nname:?"?+?data.name?+?"\nstatus:?"??

????????????????????+?data.status);??

????????},??

????????error?:?function()?{??

????????????alert('Err...');??

????????}??

????});??

Table?

Html代碼??

<table>??

????<tr>??

????????<td>id</td>??

????????<td><input?id="id"?value="100"?/></td>??

????</tr>??

????<tr>??

????????<td>name</td>??

????????<td><input?id="name"?value="snowolf"?/></td>??

????</tr>??

????<tr>??

????????<td>status</td>??

????????<td><input?id="status"?value="true"?/></td>??

????</tr>??

????<tr>??

????????<td><input?type="button"?id="profile"?value="Profile——GET"?/></td>??

????????<td><input?type="button"?id="login"?value="Login——POST"?/></td>??

????</tr>??

</table>??

四、簡(jiǎn)單測(cè)試?
Get方式測(cè)試：?

Post方式測(cè)試：?
五、常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤?
POST操作時(shí)，我用$.post()方式，屢次失敗，一直報(bào)各種異常：? 引用 org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported?
org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported?
org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported

直接用$.post()直接請(qǐng)求會(huì)有點(diǎn)小問(wèn)題，盡管我標(biāo)識(shí)為json協(xié)議，但實(shí)際上提交的ContentType還是application/x-www-form-urlencoded。需要使用$.ajaxSetup()標(biāo)示下ContentType。?

Js代碼??

function?login()?{??

????var?mydata?=?'{"name":"'?+?$('#name').val()?+?'","id":"'??

????????????+?$('#id').val()?+?'","status":"'?+?$('#status').val()?+?'"}';??

????alert(mydata);??

????$.ajaxSetup({??

????????contentType?:?'application/json'??

????});??

????$.post('http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/login',?mydata,??

????????????function(data)?{??

????????????????alert("id:?"?+?data.id?+?"\nname:?"?+?data.name??

????????????????????????+?"\nstatus:?"?+?data.status);??

????????????},?'json');??

};??

效果是一樣！

?
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